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Science 25 August 2006:
Vol. 313. no. 5790, pp. 1093 - 1097
DOI: 10.1126/science.1128134
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Research Articles

Learning Induces Long-Term Potentiation in the Hippocampus

Jonathan R. Whitlock,1,2* Arnold J. Heynen,1* Marshall G. Shuler,1 Mark F. Bear1{dagger}

Years of intensive investigation have yielded a sophisticated understanding of long-term potentiation (LTP) induced in hippocampal area CA1 by high-frequency stimulation (HFS). These efforts have been motivated by the belief that similar synaptic modifications occur during memory formation, but it has never been shown that learning actually induces LTP in CA1. We found that one-trial inhibitory avoidance learning in rats produced the same changes in hippocampal glutamate receptors as induction of LTP with HFS and caused a spatially restricted increase in the amplitude of evoked synaptic transmission in CA1 in vivo. Because the learning-induced synaptic potentiation occluded HFS-induced LTP, we conclude that inhibitory avoidance training induces LTP in CA1.

1 Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Picower Institute for Learning and Memory, Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
2 Department of Neuroscience, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.

* These authors contributed equally to this work.

{dagger} To whom correspondence should be addressed: mbear{at}mit.edu

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Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)