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Science 20 January 2006:
Vol. 311. no. 5759, pp. 388 - 391
DOI: 10.1126/science.1122142
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Reports

Chromosomes Can Congress to the Metaphase Plate Before Biorientation

Tarun M. Kapoor,1,2 Michael A. Lampson,1 Polla Hergert,3 Lisa Cameron,2,4 Daniela Cimini,4 E. D. Salmon,2,4 Bruce F. McEwen,3 Alexey Khodjakov1,2,3*

The stable propagation of genetic material during cell division depends on the congression of chromosomes to the spindle equator before the cell initiates anaphase. It is generally assumed that congression requires that chromosomes are connected to the opposite poles of the bipolar spindle ("bioriented"). In mammalian cells, we found that chromosomes can congress before becoming bioriented. By combining the use of reversible chemical inhibitors, live-cell light microscopy, and correlative electron microscopy, we found that monooriented chromosomes could glide toward the spindle equator alongside kinetochore fibers attached to other already bioriented chromosomes. This congression mechanism depended on the kinetochore-associated, plus end–directed microtubule motor CENP-E (kinesin-7).

1 Laboratory of Chemistry and Cell Biology, the Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021, USA.
2 Marine Biological Laboratory, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA.
3 Division of Molecular Medicine, Wadsworth Center, Albany, NY 12201–0509, USA.
4 Department of Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: khodj{at}wadsworth.org

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