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Science 12 August 2005:
Vol. 309. no. 5737, pp. 1056 - 1059
DOI: 10.1126/science.1114358
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Research Articles

Integration of Spatial and Temporal Information During Floral Induction in Arabidopsis

Philip A. Wigge,1,4*{dagger}{ddagger} Min Chul Kim,1* Katja E. Jaeger,1{dagger} Wolfgang Busch,2 Markus Schmid,3 Jan U. Lohmann,2 Detlef Weigel1,4{ddagger}

Flowering of Arabidopsis is regulated by several environmental and endogenous signals. An important integrator of these inputs is the FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT) gene, which encodes a small, possibly mobile protein. A primary response to floral induction is the activation of FT RNA expression in leaves. Because flowers form at a distant site, the shoot apex, these data suggest that FT primarily controls the timing of flowering. Integration of temporal and spatial information is mediated in part by the bZIP transcription factor FD, which is already expressed at the shoot apex before floral induction. A complex of FT and FD proteins in turn can activate floral identity genes such as APETALA1 (AP1).

1 Department of Molecular Biology, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
2 Arbeitsgruppe Lohmann, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
3 Arbeitsgruppe Schmid, Max Planck Institute for Developmental Biology, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
4 Salk Institute for Biological Studies, Plant Biology Laboratory, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.

* These authors contributed equally to this work.

{dagger} Present address: John Innes Centre, Cell and Developmental Biology Department, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK.

{ddagger} To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: philip.wigge{at}bbsrc.ac.uk (P.W.); weigel{at}weigelworld.org (D.W.)

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