Note to users. If you're seeing this message, it means that your browser cannot find this page's style/presentation instructions -- or possibly that you are using a browser that does not support current Web standards. Find out more about why this message is appearing, and what you can do to make your experience of our site the best it can be.
Antagonistic Control of Disease Resistance Protein Stability in the Plant Immune System
Ben F. Holt, III,1*Youssef Belkhadir,1*Jeffery L. Dangl1,2,3,4
Pathogen recognition by the plant immune system is governedby structurally related, polymorphic products of disease resistance(R) genes. RAR1 and/or SGT1b mediate the function of many Rproteins. RAR1 controls preactivation R protein accumulationby an unknown mechanism. We demonstrate that Arabidopsis SGT1bhas two distinct, genetically separable functions in the plantimmune system: SGT1b antagonizes RAR1 to negatively regulateR protein accumulation before infection, and SGT1b has a RAR1-independentfunction that regulates programmed cell death during infection.The balanced activities of RAR1 and SGT1, in concert with cytosolicHSP90, modulate preactivation R protein accumulation and signalingcompetence.
1 Department of Biology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. 2 Curriculum in Genetics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. 3 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. 4 Carolina Center for Genome Sciences, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
* These authors contributed equally to this work.
To whom correspondence should be addressed. Department of Biology, 108 Coker Hall, University of North Carolina, CB# 3280, Chapel Hill, NC 27599–3280, USA. E-mail: dangl{at}email.unc.edu
A Lesion-Mimic Syntaxin Double Mutant in Arabidopsis Reveals Novel Complexity of Pathogen Defense Signaling.
Z. Zhang, A. Lenk, M. X. Andersson, T. Gjetting, C. Pedersen, M. E. Nielsen, M.-A. Newman, B.-H. Hou, S. C. Somerville, and H. Thordal-Christensen (2008)
Mol Plant
1, 510-527
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Repression of the Auxin Response Pathway Increases Arabidopsis Susceptibility to Necrotrophic Fungi.
F. Llorente, P. Muskett, A. Sanchez-Vallet, G. Lopez, B. Ramos, C. Sanchez-Rodriguez, L. Jorda, J. Parker, and A. Molina (2008)
Mol Plant
1, 496-509
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Arabidopsis TAO1 is a TIR-NB-LRR protein that contributes to disease resistance induced by the Pseudomonas syringae effector AvrB.
Low Levels of Polymorphism in Genes That Control the Activation of Defense Response in Arabidopsis thaliana.
E. G. Bakker, M. B. Traw, C. Toomajian, M. Kreitman, and J. Bergelson (2008)
Genetics
178, 2031-2043
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Interaction between SGT1 and Cytosolic/Nuclear HSC70 Chaperones Regulates Arabidopsis Immune Responses.
L. D. Noel, G. Cagna, J. Stuttmann, L. Wirthmuller, S. Betsuyaku, C.-P. Witte, R. Bhat, N. Pochon, T. Colby, and J. E. Parker (2007)
PLANT CELL
19, 4061-4076
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
RAR1 and HSP90 Form a Complex with Rac/Rop GTPase and Function in Innate-Immune Responses in Rice.
N. P. Thao, L. Chen, A. Nakashima, S.-i. Hara, K. Umemura, A. Takahashi, K. Shirasu, T. Kawasaki, and K. Shimamoto (2007)
PLANT CELL
19, 4035-4045
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Heat Shock Protein 90 Associates with Monarch-1 and Regulates Its Ability to Promote Degradation of NF-{kappa}B-Inducing Kinase.
J. C. Arthur, J. D. Lich, R. K. Aziz, M. Kotb, and J. P.-Y. Ting (2007)
J. Immunol.
179, 6291-6296
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Structural and Functional Analysis of SGT1 Reveals That Its Interaction with HSP90 Is Required for the Accumulation of Rx, an R Protein Involved in Plant Immunity.
M. Boter, B. Amigues, J. Peart, C. Breuer, Y. Kadota, C. Casais, G. Moore, C. Kleanthous, F. Ochsenbein, K. Shirasu, et al. (2007)
PLANT CELL
19, 3791-3804
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Plant disease susceptibility conferred by a "resistance" gene.
A. Takahashi, G. K. Agrawal, M. Yamazaki, K. Onosato, A. Miyao, T. Kawasaki, K. Shimamoto, and H. Hirochika (2007)
PLANT CELL
19, 2940-2951
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Medicago LYK3, an Entry Receptor in Rhizobial Nodulation Factor Signaling.
P. Smit, E. Limpens, R. Geurts, E. Fedorova, E. Dolgikh, C. Gough, and T. Bisseling (2007)
Plant Physiology
145, 183-191
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
The Arabidopsis BAP1 and BAP2 Genes Are General Inhibitors of Programmed Cell Death.
MAP Kinases Function Downstream of HSP90 and Upstream of Mitochondria in TMV Resistance Gene N-Mediated Hypersensitive Cell Death.
R. Takabatake, Y. Ando, S. Seo, S. Katou, S. Tsuda, Y. Ohashi, and I. Mitsuhara (2007)
Plant Cell Physiol.
48, 498-510
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
RAR1, a central player in plant immunity, is targeted by Pseudomonas syringae effector AvrB.
Y. Shang, X. Li, H. Cui, P. He, R. Thilmony, S. Chintamanani, J. Zwiesler-Vollick, S. Gopalan, X. Tang, and J.-M. Zhou (2006)
PNAS
103, 19200-19205
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Rice XA21 Binding Protein 3 Is a Ubiquitin Ligase Required for Full Xa21-Mediated Disease Resistance.
Y.-S. Wang, L.-Y. Pi, X. Chen, P. K. Chakrabarty, J. Jiang, A. L. De Leon, G.-Z. Liu, L. Li, U. Benny, J. Oard, et al. (2006)
PLANT CELL
18, 3635-3646
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Sgt1p Is a Unique Co-chaperone That Acts as a Client Adaptor to Link Hsp90 to Skp1p.
Arabidopsis PEN3/PDR8, an ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Contributes to Nonhost Resistance to Inappropriate Pathogens That Enter by Direct Penetration.
M. Stein, J. Dittgen, C. Sanchez-Rodriguez, B.-H. Hou, A. Molina, P. Schulze-Lefert, V. Lipka, and S. Somerville (2006)
PLANT CELL
18, 731-746
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Elicitor-Mediated Oligomerization of the Tobacco N Disease Resistance Protein.
To whom correspondence should be addressed. Department of Biology, 108 Coker Hall, University of North Carolina, CB# 3280, Chapel Hill, NC 27599–3280, USA. E-mail: 
