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Stomatal Patterning and Differentiation by Synergistic Interactions of Receptor Kinases
Elena D. Shpak,1,2*Jessica Messmer McAbee,1,2*Lynn Jo Pillitteri,1Keiko U. Torii1,2
Coordinated spacing and patterning of stomata allow efficientgas exchange between plants and the atmosphere. Here we reportthat three ERECTA (ER)–family leucine-rich repeat–receptor-likekinases (LRR-RLKs) together control stomatal patterning, withspecific family members regulating the specification of stomatalstem cell fate and the differentiation of guard cells. Loss-of-functionmutations in all three ER-family genes cause stomatal clustering.Genetic interactions with a known stomatal patterning mutanttoo many mouths (tmm) revealed stoichiometric epistasis andcombination-specific neomorphism. Our findings suggest thatthe negative regulation of ER-family RLKs by TMM, which is anLRR receptor–like protein, is critical for proper stomataldifferentiation.
1 Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. 2 Core Research for Evolutional Science and Technology, Japan Science and Technology Agency, Saitama, 332-0012, Japan.
* These authors contributed equally to this work.
To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: ktorii{at}u.washington.edu
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To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: 
