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Science 8 April 2005:
Vol. 308. no. 5719, pp. 255 - 258
DOI: 10.1126/science.1107621
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Reports

Do 15-Month-Old Infants Understand False Beliefs?

Kristine H. Onishi1* and Renée Baillargeon2

For more than two decades, researchers have argued that young children do not understand mental states such as beliefs. Part of the evidence for this claim comes from preschoolers' failure at verbal tasks that require the understanding that others may hold false beliefs. Here, we used a novel nonverbal task to examine 15-month-old infants' ability to predict an actor's behavior on the basis of her true or false belief about a toy's hiding place. Results were positive, supporting the view that, from a young age, children appeal to mental states—goals, perceptions, and beliefs—to explain the behavior of others.

1 Department of Psychology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec H3A 1B1, Canada.
2 Department of Psychology, University of Illinois, Champaign, IL 61820, USA.

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: kris.onishi{at}mcgill.ca

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