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Science 11 March 2005:
Vol. 307. no. 5715, pp. 1618 - 1621
DOI: 10.1126/science.1106927
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Reports

Worldwide Phylogeography of Wild Boar Reveals Multiple Centers of Pig Domestication

Greger Larson,1* Keith Dobney,2 Umberto Albarella,3 Meiying Fang,4 Elizabeth Matisoo-Smith,5 Judith Robins,5 Stewart Lowden,6 Heather Finlayson,7 Tina Brand,8 Eske Willerslev,1 Peter Rowley-Conwy,2 Leif Andersson,4 Alan Cooper1*{dagger}

Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) sequences from 686 wild and domestic pig specimens place the origin of wild boar in island Southeast Asia (ISEA), where they dispersed across Eurasia. Previous morphological and genetic evidence suggested pig domestication took place in a limited number of locations (principally the Near East and Far East). In contrast, new genetic data reveal multiple centers of domestication across Eurasia and that European, rather than Near Eastern, wild boar are the principal source of modern European domestic pigs.

1 Henry Wellcome Ancient Biomolecules Centre, University of Oxford, Department of Zoology, South Parks Road OX1 3PS, UK.
2 Department of Archaeology, University of Durham, South Road, Durham DH1 3L, UK.
3 Department of Archaeology, University of Sheffield, West Street, Sheffield S1 4ET, UK.
4 Department of Animal Breeding and Genetics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences and Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, Uppsala Biomedical Center, Box 597, SE-75124 Uppsala, Sweden.
5 Department of Anthropology and Allan Wilson Centre for Molecular Ecology and Evolution, University of Auckland, P.B. 92019, Auckland, New Zealand.
6 Jurox Pty Limited, 85 Gardiners Road, Rutherford, NSW, 2320, Australia.
7 Department of Genomics and Bioinformatics, Roslin Institute, Roslin, Midlothian, EH25 9PS, UK.
8 Department of Evolutionary Biology, Zoological Institute, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 15, DK-2100, Copenhagen O, Denmark.

{dagger} Present address: School of Environmental Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia.

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: greger.larson{at}zoo.ox.ac.uk (G.L.) and alan.cooper{at}adelaide.edu.au (A.C.)

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