Note to users. If you're seeing this message, it means that your browser cannot find this page's style/presentation instructions -- or possibly that you are using a browser that does not support current Web standards. Find out more about why this message is appearing, and what you can do to make your experience of our site the best it can be.

Site Tools

  • AAAS
  • Subscribe
  • Feedback

Site Search

Search Advanced

Science 10 December 2004:
Vol. 306. no. 5703, pp. 1944 - 1947
DOI: 10.1126/science.1102384
Prev | Table of Contents | Next

Reports

Addiction as a Computational Process Gone Awry

A. David Redish

Addictive drugs have been hypothesized to access the same neurophysiological mechanisms as natural learning systems. These natural learning systems can be modeled through temporal-difference reinforcement learning (TDRL), which requires a reward-error signal that has been hypothesized to be carried by dopamine. TDRL learns to predict reward by driving that reward-error signal to zero. By adding a noncompensable drug-induced dopamine increase to a TDRL model, a computational model of addiction is constructed that over-selects actions leading to drug receipt. The model provides an explanation for important aspects of the addiction literature and provides a theoretic view-point with which to address other aspects.

Department of Neuroscience, 6-145 Jackson Hall, 321 Church Street SE, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.

E-mail: redish{at}ahc.umn.edu

Read the Full Text


THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
Thermostable Variants of Cocaine Esterase for Long-Time Protection against Cocaine Toxicity.
D. Gao, D. L. Narasimhan, J. Macdonald, R. Brim, M.-C. Ko, D. W. Landry, J. H. Woods, R. K. Sunahara, and C.-G. Zhan (2009)
Mol. Pharmacol. 75, 318-323
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Decision-Making Dysfunctions in Psychiatry Altered Homeostatic Processing?.
M. P. Paulus (2007)
Science 318, 602-606
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Neural signature of fictive learning signals in a sequential investment task.
T. Lohrenz, K. McCabe, C. F. Camerer, and P. R. Montague (2007)
PNAS 104, 9493-9498
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Differential Regulation of Action Potential- and Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor-Induced Ca2+ Signals by Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate in Dopaminergic Neurons.
G. Cui, B. E. Bernier, M. T. Harnett, and H. Morikawa (2007)
J. Neurosci. 27, 4776-4785
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Previous Cocaine Exposure Makes Rats Hypersensitive to Both Delay and Reward Magnitude.
M. R. Roesch, Y. Takahashi, N. Gugsa, G. B. Bissonette, and G. Schoenbaum (2007)
J. Neurosci. 27, 245-250
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Addiction: A Disease of Learning and Memory.
S. E. Hyman (2007)
Focus 5, 220-228
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A neurocomputational hypothesis for nicotine addiction.
B. S. Gutkin, S. Dehaene, and J.-P. Changeux (2006)
PNAS 103, 1106-1111
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Computational redesign of human butyrylcholinesterase for anticocaine medication.
Y. Pan, D. Gao, W. Yang, H. Cho, G. Yang, H.-H. Tai, and C.-G. Zhan (2005)
PNAS 102, 16656-16661
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Addiction: A Disease of Learning and Memory.
S. E. Hyman (2005)
Am J Psychiatry 162, 1414-1422
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »


To Advertise     Find Products

Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)