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Science 3 December 2004:
Vol. 306. no. 5702, pp. 1776 - 1780
DOI: 10.1126/science.1103572

Reports

A Survey Method for Characterizing Daily Life Experience: The Day Reconstruction Method

Daniel Kahneman,1 Alan B. Krueger,1,2 David A. Schkade,3* Norbert Schwarz,4 Arthur A. Stone5

The Day Reconstruction Method (DRM) assesses how people spend their time and how they experience the various activities and settings of their lives, combining features of time-budget measurement and experience sampling. Participants systematically reconstruct their activities and experiences of the preceding day with procedures designed to reduce recall biases. The DRM's utility is shown by documenting close correspondences between the DRM reports of 909 employed women and established results from experience sampling. An analysis of the hedonic treadmill shows the DRM's potential for well-being research.

1 Woodrow Wilson School and Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA.
2 Woodrow Wilson School and Economics Department, Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA.
3 Rady School of Management, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093–0093, USA.
4 Institute of Social Research and Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48106–1248, USA.
5 Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794–8790, USA.

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: schkade{at}ucsd.edu

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