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Science 5 November 2004:
Vol. 306. no. 5698, pp. 1046 - 1048
DOI: 10.1126/science.1101092
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Reports

A Link Between mRNA Turnover and RNA Interference in Arabidopsis

S. Gazzani,1* T. Lawrenson,1* C. Woodward,2 D. Headon,3 R. Sablowski1{dagger}

In RNA interference (RNAi), double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) triggers degradation of homologous messenger RNA. In many organisms, RNA-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) is required to initiate or amplify RNAi, but the substrate for dsRNA synthesis in vivo is not known. Here, we show that RdRp-dependent transgene silencing in Arabidopsis was caused by mutation of XRN4, which is a ribonuclease (RNase) implicated in mRNA turnover by means of decapping and 5'-3' exonucleolysis. When both XRN4 and the RdRp were mutated, the plants accumulated decapped transgene mRNA. We propose that mRNAs lacking a cap structure become exposed to RdRp to initiate or maintain RNAi.

1 Cell and Developmental Biology, John Innes Centre, Norwich NR4 7UH, UK.
2 Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195–5325, USA.
3 School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PT, UK.



* These authors contributed equally to this work.

{dagger} To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: robert.sablowski{at}bbsrc.ac.uk

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