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ReportsMethanobactin, a Copper-Acquisition Compound from Methane-Oxidizing Bacteria![]()
Siderophores are extracellular iron-binding compounds that mediate iron transport into many cells. We present evidence of analogous molecules for copper transport from methane-oxidizing bacteria, represented here by a small fluorescent chromopeptide (C45N12O14H62Cu, 1216 daltons) produced by Methylosinus trichosporium OB3b. The crystal structure of this compound, methanobactin, was resolved to 1.15 angstroms. It is composed of a tetrapeptide, a tripeptide, and several unusual moieties, including two 4-thionyl-5-hydroxy-imidazole chromophores that coordinate the copper, a pyrrolidine that confers a bend in the overall chain, and an amino-terminal isopropylester group. The copper coordination environment includes a dual nitrogen- and sulfur-donating system derived from the thionyl imidazolate moieties. Structural elucidation of this molecule has broad implications in terms of organo-copper chemistry, biological methane oxidation, and global carbon cycling.
1 Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA.
2 Biochemical Research Service Laboratory, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA. 3 Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA. 4 Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66045, USA. 5 Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics, and Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA. 6 Department of Chemistry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA. * Present address: Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA.
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Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)