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Science 3 September 2004:
Vol. 305. no. 5689, pp. 1474 - 1476
DOI: 10.1126/science.1100757
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Reports

The Emergence of Competition Between Model Protocells

Irene A. Chen,1,2 Richard W. Roberts,3 Jack W. Szostak1*

The transition from independent molecular entities to cellular structures with integrated behaviors was a crucial aspect of the origin of life. We show that simple physical principles can mediate a coordinated interaction between genome and compartment boundary, independent of any genomic functions beyond self-replication. RNA, encapsulated in fatty acid vesicles, exerts an osmotic pressure on the vesicle membrane that drives the uptake of additional membrane components, leading to membrane growth at the expense of relaxed vesicles, which shrink. Thus, more efficient RNA replication could cause faster cell growth, leading to the emergence of Darwinian evolution at the cellular level.

1 Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Molecular Biology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
2 Program in Biophysics, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
3 Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.

* To whom correspondence may be addressed. E-mail: szostak{at}molbio.mgh.harvard.edu

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