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Science 6 August 2004:
Vol. 305. no. 5685, pp. 800 - 806
DOI: 10.1126/science.1100175
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Research Articles

Pancam Multispectral Imaging Results from the Spirit Rover at Gusev Crater

J. F. Bell, III,1* S. W. Squyres,1 R. E. Arvidson,2 H. M. Arneson,1 D. Bass,3 D. Blaney,3 N. Cabrol,4 W. Calvin,5 J. Farmer,6 W. H. Farrand,7 W. Goetz,8 M. Golombek,3 J. A. Grant,9 R. Greeley,6 E. Guinness,2 A. G. Hayes,1 M. Y. H. Hubbard,1 K. E. Herkenhoff,10 M. J. Johnson,1 J. R. Johnson,10 J. Joseph,1 K. M. Kinch,11 M. T. Lemmon,12 R. Li,13 M. B. Madsen,8 J. N. Maki,3 M. Malin,14 E. McCartney,1 S. McLennan,15 H. Y. McSween, Jr.,16 D. W. Ming,17 J. E. Moersch,16 R. V. Morris,17 E. Z. Noe Dobrea,1 T. J. Parker,3 J. Proton,1 J. W. Rice, Jr.,6 F. Seelos,2 J. Soderblom,1 L. A. Soderblom,10 J. N. Sohl-Dickstein,1 R. J. Sullivan,1 M. J. Wolff,7 A. Wang2

Panoramic Camera images at Gusev crater reveal a rock-strewn surface interspersed with high- to moderate-albedo fine-grained deposits occurring in part as drifts or in small circular swales or hollows. Optically thick coatings of fine-grained ferric iron–rich dust dominate most bright soil and rock surfaces. Spectra of some darker rock surfaces and rock regions exposed by brushing or grinding show near-infrared spectral signatures consistent with the presence of mafic silicates such as pyroxene or olivine. Atmospheric observations show a steady decline in dust opacity during the mission, and astronomical observations captured solar transits by the martian moons, Phobos and Deimos, as well as a view of Earth from the martian surface.

1 Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853–6801, USA.
2 Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA.
3 Jet Propulsion Laboratory–California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91109, USA.
4 National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Ames Research Center–Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence Institute, Moffett Field, CA 94035, USA.
5 University of Nevada, Reno, NV 89501, USA.
6 Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA.
7 Space Science Institute, Boulder, CO 80301, USA.
8 University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
9 National Air and Space Museum, Washington, DC 20560, USA.
10 U.S. Geological Survey, Flagstaff, AZ 86001, USA.
11 Aarhus University, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.
12 Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
13 Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
14 Malin Space Science Systems, Incorporated, San Diego, CA 92191, USA.
15 State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
16 University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN 37996, USA.
17 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX 77058, USA.

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: jfb8{at}cornell.edu

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