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Science 21 May 2004:
Vol. 304. no. 5674, pp. 1129 - 1131
DOI: 10.1126/science.1096524
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Reports
Optical Signatures of the Aharonov-Bohm Phase in Single-Walled Carbon Nanotubes
Sasa Zaric,1,4,5
Gordana N. Ostojic,2,4,5
Junichiro Kono,2,4,5*
Jonah Shaver,1,4,5,6
Valerie C. Moore,3,4,5,6
Michael S. Strano,3,4,5,6
Robert H. Hauge,3,4,5,6
Richard E. Smalley,1,3,4,5,6
Xing Wei7
We report interband magneto-optical spectra for single-walled carbon nanotubes in high magnetic fields up to 45 tesla, confirming theoretical predictions that the band structure of a single-walled carbon nanotube is dependent on the magnetic flux  threading the tube. We have observed field-induced optical anisotropy as well as red shifts and splittings of absorption and photoluminescence peaks. The amounts of shifts and splittings depend on the value of / 0 and are quantitatively consistent with theories based on the Aharonov-Bohm effect. These results represent evidence of the influence of the Aharonov-Bohm phase on the band gap of a solid.
2 Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005 USA.
3 Department of Chemistry, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005 USA.
4 Rice Quantum Institute, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005 USA.
5 Center for Nanoscale Science and Technology, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005 USA.
6 Center for Biological and Environmental Nanotechnology, Rice University, Houston, TX 77005 USA.
7 National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32310, USA.
 Present address: Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: kono{at}rice.edu.
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