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Viruses replicate within living cells and use the cellular machineryfor the synthesis of their genome and other components. To gainaccess, they have evolved a variety of elegant mechanisms todeliver their genes and accessory proteins into the host cell.Many animal viruses take advantage of endocytic pathways andrely on the cell to guide them through a complex entry and uncoatingprogram. In the dialogue between the cell and the intruder,the cell provides critical cues that allow the virus to undergomolecular transformations that lead to successful internalization,intra-cellular transport, and uncoating.
Institute of Biochemistry, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology–Zurich, CH-8093 Zurich, Switzerland.
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: ari.helenius{at}bc.biol.ethz.ch
Ganglioside-Linked Terminal Sialic Acid Moieties on Murine Macrophages Function as Attachment Receptors for Murine Noroviruses.
S. Taube, J. W. Perry, K. Yetming, S. P. Patel, H. Auble, L. Shu, H. F. Nawar, C. H. Lee, T. D. Connell, J. A. Shayman, et al. (2009)
J. Virol.
83, 4092-4101
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Borna Disease Virus Requires Cholesterol in both Cellular Membrane and Viral Envelope for Efficient Cell Entry.
R. Clemente, A. de Parseval, M. Perez, and J. C. de la Torre (2009)
J. Virol.
83, 2655-2662
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Combined targeting of lentiviral vectors and positioning of transduced cells by magnetic nanoparticles.
A. Hofmann, D. Wenzel, U. M. Becher, D. F. Freitag, A. M. Klein, D. Eberbeck, M. Schulte, K. Zimmermann, C. Bergemann, B. Gleich, et al. (2009)
PNAS
106, 44-49
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Contribution of Direct and Cross-Presentation to CTL Immunity against Herpes Simplex Virus 1.
A. C. Jirmo, C.-H. Nagel, C. Bohnen, B. Sodeik, and G. M. N. Behrens (2009)
J. Immunol.
182, 283-292
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Sialoadhesin and CD163 join forces during entry of the porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus.
H. Van Gorp, W. Van Breedam, P. L. Delputte, and H. J. Nauwynck (2008)
J. Gen. Virol.
89, 2943-2953
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Detecting Small Changes and Additional Peptides in the Canine Parvovirus Capsid Structure.
C. D. S. Nelson, E. Minkkinen, M. Bergkvist, K. Hoelzer, M. Fisher, B. Bothner, and C. R. Parrish (2008)
J. Virol.
82, 10397-10407
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Apolipoprotein C1 Association with Hepatitis C Virus.
J.-C. Meunier, R. S. Russell, R. E. Engle, K. N. Faulk, R. H. Purcell, and S. U. Emerson (2008)
J. Virol.
82, 9647-9656
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Functional studies of per os infectivity factors of Helicoverpa armigera single nucleocapsid nucleopolyhedrovirus.
J. Song, R. Wang, F. Deng, H. Wang, and Z. Hu (2008)
J. Gen. Virol.
89, 2331-2338
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Amiodarone Alters Late Endosomes and Inhibits SARS Coronavirus Infection at a Post-Endosomal Level.
K. Stadler, H. R. Ha, V. Ciminale, C. Spirli, G. Saletti, M. Schiavon, D. Bruttomesso, L. Bigler, F. Follath, A. Pettenazzo, et al. (2008)
Am. J. Respir. Cell Mol. Biol.
39, 142-149
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Integrin-dependent phagocytosis - spreading from microadhesion to new concepts.
Interferon {alpha} decreases expression of human scavenger receptor class BI, a possible HCV receptor in hepatocytes.
K Murao, H Imachi, X Yu, W M Cao, T Nishiuchi, K Chen, J Li, R A M Ahmed, N C W Wong, and T Ishida (2008)
Gut
57, 664-671
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Insights into bunyavirus architecture from electron cryotomography of Uukuniemi virus.
A. K. Overby, R. F. Pettersson, K. Grunewald, and J. T. Huiskonen (2008)
PNAS
105, 2375-2379
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Cellular Entry of Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus.
The P2 capsid protein of the nonenveloped rice dwarf phytoreovirus induces membrane fusion in insect host cells.
F. Zhou, Y. Pu, T. Wei, H. Liu, W. Deng, C. Wei, B. Ding, T. Omura, and Y. Li (2007)
PNAS
104, 19547-19552
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
N-Glycolyl GM1 Ganglioside as a Receptor for Simian Virus 40.
M. A. Campanero-Rhodes, A. Smith, W. Chai, S. Sonnino, L. Mauri, R. A. Childs, Y. Zhang, H. Ewers, A. Helenius, A. Imberty, et al. (2007)
J. Virol.
81, 12846-12858
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Old World Arenavirus Infection Interferes with the Expression of Functional {alpha}-Dystroglycan in the Host Cell.
J. M. Rojek, K. P. Campbell, M. B.A. Oldstone, and S. Kunz (2007)
Mol. Biol. Cell
18, 4493-4507
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
The carbohydrate-binding plant lectins and the non-peptidic antibiotic pradimicin A target the glycans of the coronavirus envelope glycoproteins.
F. J. U. M. van der Meer, C. A. M. de Haan, N. M. P. Schuurman, B. J. Haijema, M. H. Verheije, B. J. Bosch, J. Balzarini, and H. F. Egberink (2007)
J. Antimicrob. Chemother.
60, 741-749
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Role of Endocytosis and Low pH in Murine Hepatitis Virus Strain A59 Cell Entry.
P. Eifart, K. Ludwig, C. Bottcher, C. A. M. de Haan, P. J. M. Rottier, T. Korte, and A. Herrmann (2007)
J. Virol.
81, 10758-10768
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Human Papillomavirus Type 31 Uses a Caveolin 1- and Dynamin 2-Mediated Entry Pathway for Infection of Human Keratinocytes.
Role of the Cytoplasmic Tail Domains of Bunyamwera Orthobunyavirus Glycoproteins Gn and Gc in Virus Assembly and Morphogenesis.
X. Shi, A. Kohl, P. Li, and R. M. Elliott (2007)
J. Virol.
81, 10151-10160
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Chicken Heat Shock Protein 90 Is a Component of the Putative Cellular Receptor Complex of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus.
T.-W. Lin, C.-W. Lo, S.-Y. Lai, R.-J. Fan, C.-J. Lo, Y.-m. Chou, R. Thiruvengadam, A. H.-J. Wang, and M.-Y. Wang (2007)
J. Virol.
81, 8730-8741
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Dynein-Dependent Transport of the Hantaan Virus Nucleocapsid Protein to the Endoplasmic Reticulum-Golgi Intermediate Compartment.
H. N. Ramanathan, D.-H. Chung, S. J. Plane, E. Sztul, Y.-k. Chu, M. C. Guttieri, M. McDowell, G. Ali, and C. B. Jonsson (2007)
J. Virol.
81, 8634-8647
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Infectious Bursal Disease Virus, a Non-enveloped Virus, Possesses a Capsid-associated Peptide That Deforms and Perforates Biological Membranes.
M. Galloux, S. Libersou/, N. Morellet, S. Bouaziz, B. Da Costa, M. Ouldali, J. Lepault, and B. Delmas (2007)
J. Biol. Chem.
282, 20774-20784
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Suppression of Iodide Uptake and Thyroid Hormone Synthesis with Stimulation of the Type I Interferon System by Double-Stranded Ribonucleic Acid in Cultured Human Thyroid Follicles.
K. Yamazaki, K. Suzuki, E. Yamada, T. Yamada, F. Takeshita, M. Matsumoto, T. Mitsuhashi, T. Obara, K. Takano, and K. Sato (2007)
Endocrinology
148, 3226-3235
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Asymmetric binding of transferrin receptor to parvovirus capsids.
S. Hafenstein, L. M. Palermo, V. A. Kostyuchenko, C. Xiao, M. C. Morais, C. D. S. Nelson, V. D. Bowman, A. J. Battisti, P. R. Chipman, C. R. Parrish, et al. (2007)
PNAS
104, 6585-6589
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Intraspecies Host Specificity of a Single-Stranded RNA Virus Infecting a Marine Photosynthetic Protist Is Determined at the Early Steps of Infection.
H. Mizumoto, Y. Tomaru, Y. Takao, Y. Shirai, and K. Nagasaki (2007)
J. Virol.
81, 1372-1378
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Pervasive Adaptive Evolution among Interactors of the Drosophila Hybrid Inviability Gene, Nup96.
Adeno-Associated Virus Type 2 Capsids with Externalized VP1/VP2 Trafficking Domains Are Generated prior to Passage through the Cytoplasm and Are Maintained until Uncoating Occurs in the Nucleus.
F. Sonntag, S. Bleker, B. Leuchs, R. Fischer, and J. A. Kleinschmidt (2006)
J. Virol.
80, 11040-11054
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Flavivirus Activation of Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Delineates Key Elements of TLR7 Signaling beyond Endosomal Recognition.
J. P. Wang, P. Liu, E. Latz, D. T. Golenbock, R. W. Finberg, and D. H. Libraty (2006)
J. Immunol.
177, 7114-7121
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Parvoviral nuclear import: bypassing the host nuclear-transport machinery..
S. Cohen, A. R. Behzad, J. B. Carroll, and N. Pante (2006)
J. Gen. Virol.
87, 3209-3213
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Adenovirus Core Protein pVII Is Translocated into the Nucleus by Multiple Import Receptor Pathways.
H. Wodrich, A. Cassany, M. A. D'Angelo, T. Guan, G. Nemerow, and L. Gerace (2006)
J. Virol.
80, 9608-9618
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Differential Enhancement of Dengue Virus Immune Complex Infectivity Mediated by Signaling-Competent and Signaling-Incompetent Human Fc{gamma}RIA (CD64) or Fc{gamma}RIIA (CD32)..
W. W. S. I. Rodrigo, X. Jin, S. D. Blackley, R. C. Rose, and J. J. Schlesinger (2006)
J. Virol.
80, 10128-10138
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Purified feline and canine transferrin receptors reveal complex interactions with the capsids of canine and feline parvoviruses that correspond to their host ranges..
L. M. Palermo, S. L. Hafenstein, and C. R. Parrish (2006)
J. Virol.
80, 8482-8492
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Highly Conserved Regions within the Spike Proteins of Human Coronaviruses 229E and NL63 Determine Recognition of Their Respective Cellular Receptors..
H. Hofmann, G. Simmons, A. J. Rennekamp, C. Chaipan, T. Gramberg, E. Heck, M. Geier, A. Wegele, A. Marzi, P. Bates, et al. (2006)
J. Virol.
80, 8639-8652
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Adeno-Associated Virus Type 2 Contains an Integrin {alpha}5{beta}1 Binding Domain Essential for Viral Cell Entry..
A. Asokan, J. B. Hamra, L. Govindasamy, M. Agbandje-McKenna, and R. J. Samulski (2006)
J. Virol.
80, 8961-8969
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Translocation of Endothelial Nitric-Oxide Synthase Involves a Ternary Complex with Caveolin-1 and NOSTRIN.
K. Schilling, N. Opitz, A. Wiesenthal, S. Oess, R. Tikkanen, W. Muller-Esterl, and A. Icking (2006)
Mol. Biol. Cell
17, 3870-3880
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Properties regulating the nature of the plasmacytoid dendritic cell response to Toll-like receptor 9 activation.
C. Guiducci, G. Ott, J. H. Chan, E. Damon, C. Calacsan, T. Matray, K.-D. Lee, R. L. Coffman, and F. J. Barrat (2006)
J. Exp. Med.
203, 1999-2008
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Entry of feline calicivirus is dependent on clathrin-mediated endocytosis and acidification in endosomes..
Simian virus 40 late proteins possess lytic properties that render them capable of permeabilizing cellular membranes..
R. Daniels, N. M. Rusan, A.-K. Wilbuer, L. C. Norkin, P. Wadsworth, and D. N. Hebert (2006)
J. Virol.
80, 6575-6587
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Structure of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus Receptor-binding Domain Complexed with Neutralizing Antibody.
P. Prabakaran, J. Gan, Y. Feng, Z. Zhu, V. Choudhry, X. Xiao, X. Ji, and D. S. Dimitrov (2006)
J. Biol. Chem.
281, 15829-15836
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Endosomal Proteolysis by Cathepsins Is Necessary for Murine Coronavirus Mouse Hepatitis Virus Type 2 Spike-Mediated Entry..
Z. Qiu, S. T. Hingley, G. Simmons, C. Yu, J. Das Sarma, P. Bates, and S. R. Weiss (2006)
J. Virol.
80, 5768-5776
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Stable Association of Herpes Simplex Virus with Target Membranes Is Triggered by Low pH in the Presence of the gD Receptor, HVEM..
J. C. Whitbeck, Y. Zuo, R. S. B. Milne, G. H. Cohen, and R. J. Eisenberg (2006)
J. Virol.
80, 3773-3780
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Fusoselect: cell-cell fusion activity engineered by directed evolution of a retroviral glycoprotein.
C. A. Merten, J. Stitz, G. Braun, J. Medvedovska, K. Cichutek, and C. J. Buchholz (2006)
Nucleic Acids Res.
34, e41
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
{beta}1 Integrin Mediates Internalization of Mammalian Reovirus.
M. S. Maginnis, J. C. Forrest, S. A. Kopecky-Bromberg, S. K. Dickeson, S. A. Santoro, M. M. Zutter, G. R. Nemerow, J. M. Bergelson, and T. S. Dermody (2006)
J. Virol.
80, 2760-2770
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Time- and Temperature-Dependent Activation of Hepatitis C Virus for Low-pH-Triggered Entry.
D. M. Tscherne, C. T. Jones, M. J. Evans, B. D. Lindenbach, J. A. McKeating, and C. M. Rice (2006)
J. Virol.
80, 1734-1741
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Nuclear Export of African Swine Fever Virus p37 Protein Occurs through Two Distinct Pathways and Is Mediated by Three Independent Signals.
A. Eulalio, I. Nunes-Correia, A. L. Carvalho, C. Faro, V. Citovsky, J. Salas, M. L. Salas, S. Simoes, and M. C. P. de Lima (2006)
J. Virol.
80, 1393-1404
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
A focused microarray approach to functional glycomics: transcriptional regulation of the glycome.
E. M. Comelli, S. R. Head, T. Gilmartin, T. Whisenant, S. M. Haslam, S. J. North, N.-K. Wong, T. Kudo, H. Narimatsu, J. D. Esko, et al. (2006)
Glycobiology
16, 117-131
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Low pH-Dependent Endosomal Processing of the Incoming Parvovirus Minute Virus of Mice Virion Leads to Externalization of the VP1 N-Terminal Sequence (N-VP1), N-VP2 Cleavage, and Uncoating of the Full-Length Genome.
B. Mani, C. Baltzer, N. Valle, J. M. Almendral, C. Kempf, and C. Ros (2006)
J. Virol.
80, 1015-1024
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Specific Binding of Autographa californica M Nucleopolyhedrovirus Occlusion-Derived Virus to Midgut Cells of Heliothis virescens Larvae Is Mediated by Products of pif Genes Ac119 and Ac022 but Not by Ac115.
T. Ohkawa, J. O. Washburn, R. Sitapara, E. Sid, and L. E. Volkman (2005)
J. Virol.
79, 15258-15264
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Basic Residues in Hypervariable Region 1 of Hepatitis C Virus Envelope Glycoprotein E2 Contribute to Virus Entry.
N. Callens, Y. Ciczora, B. Bartosch, N. Vu-Dac, F.-L. Cosset, J.-M. Pawlotsky, F. Penin, and J. Dubuisson (2005)
J. Virol.
79, 15331-15341
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Pushing the envelope: microinjection of Minute virus of mice into Xenopus oocytes causes damage to the nuclear envelope.
N-Linked Glycosylation of West Nile Virus Envelope Proteins Influences Particle Assembly and Infectivity.
S. L. Hanna, T. C. Pierson, M. D. Sanchez, A. A. Ahmed, M. M. Murtadha, and R. W. Doms (2005)
J. Virol.
79, 13262-13274
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Single-particle tracking of murine polyoma virus-like particles on live cells and artificial membranes.
H. Ewers, A. E. Smith, I. F. Sbalzarini, H. Lilie, P. Koumoutsakos, and A. Helenius (2005)
PNAS
102, 15110-15115
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Stoichiometry of Envelope Glycoprotein Trimers in the Entry of Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1.
X. Yang, S. Kurteva, X. Ren, S. Lee, and J. Sodroski (2005)
J. Virol.
79, 12132-12147
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Early endocytosis pathways in SSN-1 cells infected by dragon grouper nervous necrosis virus.
W. Liu, C.-H. Hsu, Y.-R. Hong, S.-C. Wu, C.-H. Wang, Y.-M. Wu, C.-B. Chao, and C.-S. Lin (2005)
J. Gen. Virol.
86, 2553-2561
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Virulent Variants Emerging in Mice Infected with the Apathogenic Prototype Strain of the Parvovirus Minute Virus of Mice Exhibit a Capsid with Low Avidity for a Primary Receptor.
M.-P. Rubio, A. Lopez-Bueno, and J. M. Almendral (2005)
J. Virol.
79, 11280-11290
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Role of the Antigenic Loop of the Hepatitis B Virus Envelope Proteins in Infectivity of Hepatitis Delta Virus.
Inhibition of protein kinases C prevents murine cytomegalovirus replication.
N. Kucic, H. Mahmutefendic, and P. Lucin (2005)
J. Gen. Virol.
86, 2153-2161
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Actin- and myosin-driven movement of viruses along filopodia precedes their entry into cells.
M. J. Lehmann, N. M. Sherer, C. B. Marks, M. Pypaert, and W. Mothes (2005)
J. Cell Biol.
170, 317-325
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Double-spanning Plant Viral Movement Protein Integration into the Endoplasmic Reticulum Membrane Is Signal Recognition Particle-dependent, Translocon-mediated, and Concerted.
A. Sauri, S. Saksena, J. Salgado, A. E. Johnson, and I. Mingarro (2005)
J. Biol. Chem.
280, 25907-25912
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Analysis of Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Internalization Events in Cultured Cells.
V. O'Donnell, M. LaRocco, H. Duque, and B. Baxt (2005)
J. Virol.
79, 8506-8518
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Domain-specific lipid distribution in macrophage plasma membranes.
K. Gaus, M. Rodriguez, K. R. Ruberu, I. Gelissen, T. M. Sloane, L. Kritharides, and W. Jessup (2005)
J. Lipid Res.
46, 1526-1538
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Coat proteins of Rice tungro bacilliform virus and Mungbean yellow mosaic virus contain multiple nuclear-localization signals and interact with importin {alpha}.
O. Guerra-Peraza, D. Kirk, V. Seltzer, K. Veluthambi, A. C. Schmit, T. Hohn, and E. Herzog (2005)
J. Gen. Virol.
86, 1815-1826
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Glycoprotein D Receptor-Dependent, Low-pH-Independent Endocytic Entry of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1.
R. S. B. Milne, A. V. Nicola, J. C. Whitbeck, R. J. Eisenberg, and G. H. Cohen (2005)
J. Virol.
79, 6655-6663
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Human Papillomavirus Type 31b Infection of Human Keratinocytes Does Not Require Heparan Sulfate.
N. A. Patterson, J. L. Smith, and M. A. Ozbun (2005)
J. Virol.
79, 6838-6847
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Human coronavirus NL63 employs the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus receptor for cellular entry.
H. Hofmann, K. Pyrc, L. van der Hoek, M. Geier, B. Berkhout, and S. Pohlmann (2005)
PNAS
102, 7988-7993
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Scavenger Receptor Class B Type I and Hepatitis C Virus Infection of Primary Tupaia Hepatocytes.
H. Barth, R. Cerino, M. Arcuri, M. Hoffmann, P. Schurmann, M. I. Adah, B. Gissler, X. Zhao, V. Ghisetti, B. Lavezzo, et al. (2005)
J. Virol.
79, 5774-5785
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Heat Shock Protein 90 and Heat Shock Protein 70 Are Components of Dengue Virus Receptor Complex in Human Cells.
J. Reyes-del Valle, S. Chavez-Salinas, F. Medina, and R. M. del Angel (2005)
J. Virol.
79, 4557-4567
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Penetration of Enveloped Double-Stranded RNA Bacteriophages {phi}13 and {phi}6 into Pseudomonas syringae Cells.
R. Daugelavicius, V. Cvirkaite, A. Gaidelyte, E. Bakiene, R. Gabrenaite-Verkhovskaya, and D. H. Bamford (2005)
J. Virol.
79, 5017-5026
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High Density Lipoproteins Facilitate Hepatitis C Virus Entry through the Scavenger Receptor Class B Type I.
C. Voisset, N. Callens, E. Blanchard, A. Op De Beeck, J. Dubuisson, and N. Vu-Dac (2005)
J. Biol. Chem.
280, 7793-7799
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Actin Cytoskeleton as the Principal Determinant of Size-dependent DNA Mobility in Cytoplasm: A NEW BARRIER FOR NON-VIRAL GENE DELIVERY.
Improvement in Nuclear Entry and Transgene Expression of Baculoviruses by Disintegration of Microtubules in Human Hepatocytes.
M. Salminen, K. J. Airenne, R. Rinnankoski, J. Reimari, O. Valilehto, J. Rinne, S. Suikkanen, S. Kukkonen, S. Yla-Herttuala, M. S. Kulomaa, et al. (2005)
J. Virol.
79, 2720-2728
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The Ectodomain of Herpes Simplex Virus Glycoprotein H Contains a Membrane {alpha}-Helix with Attributes of an Internal Fusion Peptide, Positionally Conserved in the Herpesviridae Family.
T. Gianni, P. L. Martelli, R. Casadio, and G. Campadelli-Fiume (2005)
J. Virol.
79, 2931-2940
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Nidovirus Sialate-O-Acetylesterases: EVOLUTION AND SUBSTRATE SPECIFICITY OF CORONAVIRAL AND TOROVIRAL RECEPTOR-DESTROYING ENZYMES.
S. L. Smits, G. J. Gerwig, A. L. W. van Vliet, A. Lissenberg, P. Briza, J. P. Kamerling, R. Vlasak, and R. J. de Groot (2005)
J. Biol. Chem.
280, 6933-6941
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Involvement of Toll-like Receptor 3 in the Immune Response of Lung Epithelial Cells to Double-stranded RNA and Influenza A Virus.
L. Guillot, R. Le Goffic, S. Bloch, N. Escriou, S. Akira, M. Chignard, and M. Si-Tahar (2005)
J. Biol. Chem.
280, 5571-5580
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Enhanced Cytotoxicity without Internuclear Spread of Adenovirus upon Cell Fusion by Measles Virus Glycoproteins.
G. P. Horn, S. Vongpunsawad, E. Kornmann, B. Fritz, D. P. Dittmer, R. Cattaneo, and M. Dobbelstein (2005)
J. Virol.
79, 1911-1917
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Sperm-egg fusion: events at the plasma membrane.
K. K. Stein, P. Primakoff, and D. Myles (2004)
J. Cell Sci.
117, 6269-6274
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CXCR4-Tropic HIV-1 Envelope Glycoprotein Functions as a Viral Chemokine in Unstimulated Primary CD4+ T Lymphocytes.
K. Balabanian, J. Harriague, C. Decrion, B. Lagane, S. Shorte, F. Baleux, J.-L. Virelizier, F. Arenzana-Seisdedos, and L. A. Chakrabarti (2004)
J. Immunol.
173, 7150-7160
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Video Views and Reviews: Creating a Thread with Respect to the Invasion of Animal Viruses.
C. Watters (2004)
CBE Life Sci Educ
3, 218-222
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