Note to users. If you're seeing this message, it means that your browser cannot find this page's style/presentation instructions -- or possibly that you are using a browser that does not support current Web standards. Find out more about why this message is appearing, and what you can do to make your experience of our site the best it can be.

Originally published in Science Express on 2 January 2004
Science 30 January 2004:
Vol. 303. no. 5658, pp. 672 - 676
DOI: 10.1126/science.1093686
Prev | Table of Contents | Next

Reports

RNAi-Mediated Targeting of Heterochromatin by the RITS Complex

André Verdel,1 Songtao Jia,2 Scott Gerber,1,3 Tomoyasu Sugiyama,2 Steven Gygi,1,3 Shiv I. S. Grewal,2* Danesh Moazed1*

RNA interference (RNAi) is a widespread silencing mechanism that acts at both the posttranscriptional and transcriptional levels. Here, we describe the purification of an RNAi effector complex termed RITS (RNA-induced initiation of transcriptional gene silencing) that is required for heterochromatin assembly in fission yeast. The RITS complex contains Ago1 (the fission yeast Argonaute homolog), Chp1 (a heterochromatin-associated chromodomain protein), and Tas3 (a novel protein). In addition, the complex contains small RNAs that require the Dicer ribonuclease for their production. These small RNAs are homologous to centromeric repeats and are required for the localization of RITS to heterochromatic domains. The results suggest a mechanism for the role of the RNAi machinery and small RNAs in targeting of heterochromatin complexes and epigenetic gene silencing at specific chromosomal loci.

1 Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115, USA.
2 Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biology, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
3 Taplin Biological Mass Spectrometry Facility, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA02115, USA.

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: danesh{at}hms.harvard.edu, grewals{at}mail.nih.gov.

Read the Full Text


THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
Phenotypic inheritance induced by hairpin RNA in Drosophila.
H. Li and Y. Lu (2009)
Acta Biochim Biophys Sin 41, 922-928
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A transcriptomic analysis of human centromeric and pericentric sequences in normal and tumor cells.
A. Eymery, B. Horard, M. E. Atifi-Borel, G. Fourel, F. Berger, A.-L. Vitte, A. Van den Broeck, E. Brambilla, A. Fournier, M. Callanan, et al. (2009)
Nucleic Acids Res. 37, 6340-6354
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Two GW Repeat Proteins Interact with Tetrahymena thermophila Argonaute and Promote Genome Rearrangement.
J. Bednenko, T. Noto, L. V. DeSouza, K. W. M. Siu, R. E. Pearlman, K. Mochizuki, and M. A. Gorovsky (2009)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 29, 5020-5030
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Domains of Heterochromatin Protein 1 Required for Drosophila melanogaster Heterochromatin Spreading.
K. A. Hines, D. E. Cryderman, K. M. Flannery, H. Yang, M. W. Vitalini, T. Hazelrigg, C. A. Mizzen, and L. L. Wallrath (2009)
Genetics 182, 967-977
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The RNA-induced Silencing Complex: A Versatile Gene-silencing Machine.
A. J. Pratt and I. J. MacRae (2009)
J. Biol. Chem. 284, 17897-17901
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Dicer independent small RNAs associate with telomeric heterochromatin.
F. Cao, X. Li, S. Hiew, H. Brady, Y. Liu, and Y. Dou (2009)
RNA 15, 1274-1281
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
RNA Polymerase V Functions in Arabidopsis Interphase Heterochromatin Organization Independently of the 24-nt siRNA-Directed DNA Methylation Pathway.
O. Pontes, P. Costa-Nunes, P. Vithayathil, and C. S. Pikaard (2009)
Mol Plant 2, 700-710
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Diverse roles of HP1 proteins in heterochromatin assembly and functions in fission yeast.
T. Fischer, B. Cui, J. Dhakshnamoorthy, M. Zhou, C. Rubin, M. Zofall, T. D. Veenstra, and S. I. S. Grewal (2009)
PNAS 106, 8998-9003
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Strand selective generation of endo-siRNAs from the Na/phosphate transporter gene Slc34a1 in murine tissues.
M. Carlile, D. Swan, K. Jackson, K. Preston-Fayers, B. Ballester, P. Flicek, and A. Werner (2009)
Nucleic Acids Res. 37, 2274-2282
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Epigenetic Inheritance and Reprogramming in Plants and Fission Yeast.
R.A. Martienssen, A. Kloc, R.K. Slotkin, and M. Tanurdzic (2009)
Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol
   Abstract »    PDF »
Chromatin Remodeling in the Noncoding Repeat Expansion Diseases.
D. Kumari and K. Usdin (2009)
J. Biol. Chem. 284, 7413-7417
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Shhh! Silencing by microRNA-155.
G. Teng and F. N. Papavasiliou (2009)
Phil Trans R Soc B 364, 631-637
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Novel Epigenetic Mechanism in Drosophila Somatic Cells Mediated by PIWI and piRNAs.
H. Lin and H. Yin (2009)
Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol
   Abstract »    PDF »
Mapping Key Features of Transcriptional Regulatory Circuitry in Embryonic Stem Cells.
M.F. Cole and R.A. Young (2008)
Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol
   Abstract »    PDF »
Components of the RNAi Machinery That Mediate Long-Distance Chromosomal Associations Are Dispensable for Meiotic and Early Somatic Homolog Pairing in Drosophila melanogaster.
J. P. Blumenstiel, R. Fu, W. E. Theurkauf, and R. S. Hawley (2008)
Genetics 180, 1355-1365
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Splicing Factors Facilitate RNAi-Directed Silencing in Fission Yeast.
E. H. Bayne, M. Portoso, A. Kagansky, I. C. Kos-Braun, T. Urano, K. Ekwall, F. Alves, J. Rappsilber, and R. C. Allshire (2008)
Science 322, 602-606
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Epigenetic Regulation of Retrotransposons within the Nucleolus of Drosophila.
D. G. Eickbush, J. Ye, X. Zhang, W. D. Burke, and T. H. Eickbush (2008)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 28, 6452-6461
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Ers1, a Rapidly Diverging Protein Essential for RNA Interference-dependent Heterochromatic Silencing in Schizosaccharomyces pombe.
M. Rougemaille, S. Shankar, S. Braun, M. Rowley, and H. D. Madhani (2008)
J. Biol. Chem. 283, 25770-25773
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Minimizing variables among hairpin-based RNAi vectors reveals the potency of shRNAs.
R. L. Boudreau, A. M. Monteys, and B. L. Davidson (2008)
RNA 14, 1834-1844
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
HP1 Is Distributed Within Distinct Chromatin Domains at Drosophila Telomeres.
R. C. Frydrychova, J. M. Mason, and T. K. Archer (2008)
Genetics 180, 121-131
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Closed Chromatin Architecture Is Induced by an RNA Duplex Targeting the HIV-1 Promoter Region.
K. Suzuki, T. Juelich, H. Lim, T. Ishida, T. Watanebe, D. A. Cooper, S. Rao, and A. D. Kelleher (2008)
J. Biol. Chem. 283, 23353-23363
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
DXZ4 chromatin adopts an opposing conformation to that of the surrounding chromosome and acquires a novel inactive X-specific role involving CTCF and antisense transcripts.
B. P. Chadwick (2008)
Genome Res. 18, 1259-1269
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Comparative expression analysis uncovers novel features of endogenous antisense transcription.
Y. Okada, C. Tashiro, K. Numata, K. Watanabe, H. Nakaoka, N. Yamamoto, K. Okubo, R. Ikeda, R. Saito, A. Kanai, et al. (2008)
Hum. Mol. Genet. 17, 1631-1640
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Chp1-Tas3 Interaction Is Required To Recruit RITS to Fission Yeast Centromeres and for Maintenance of Centromeric Heterochromatin.
J. L. DeBeauchamp, A. Moses, V. J. P. Noffsinger, D. L. Ulrich, G. Job, A. M. Kosinski, and J. F. Partridge (2008)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 28, 2154-2166
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
aubergine Gene Overexpression in Somatic Tissues of auberginesting Mutants Interferes With the RNAi Pathway of a yellow Hairpin dsRNA in Drosophila melanogaster.
V. Specchia, C. Benna, G. M. Mazzotta, A. Piccin, M. A. Zordan, R. Costa, and M. P. Bozzetti (2008)
Genetics 178, 1271-1282
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Incorporation of the Noncoding roX RNAs Alters the Chromatin-Binding Specificity of the Drosophila MSL1/MSL2 Complex.
F. Li, A. H. Schiemann, and M. J. Scott (2008)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 28, 1252-1264
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The RNA-dependent RNA polymerase essential for post-transcriptional gene silencing in Neurospora crassa interacts with replication protein A.
T. Nolan, G. Cecere, C. Mancone, T. Alonzi, M. Tripodi, C. Catalanotto, and C. Cogoni (2008)
Nucleic Acids Res. 36, 532-538
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
RNA Silencing Gene Truncation in the Filamentous Fungus Aspergillus nidulans.
T. M. Hammond, J. W. Bok, M. D. Andrewski, Y. Reyes-Dominguez, C. Scazzocchio, and N. P. Keller (2008)
Eukaryot. Cell 7, 339-349
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Histone Deimination As a Response to Inflammatory Stimuli in Neutrophils.
I. Neeli, S. N. Khan, and M. Radic (2008)
J. Immunol. 180, 1895-1902
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Heterochromatin and RNAi Are Required to Establish CENP-A Chromatin at Centromeres.
H. D. Folco, A. L. Pidoux, T. Urano, and R. C. Allshire (2008)
Science 319, 94-97
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Diploid apomicts of the Boechera holboellii complex display large-scale chromosome substitutions and aberrant chromosomes.
L. Kantama, T. F. Sharbel, M. E. Schranz, T. Mitchell-Olds, S. de Vries, and H. de Jong (2007)
PNAS 104, 14026-14031
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Fission Yeast Jmj2 Reverses Histone H3 Lysine 4 Trimethylation.
M. Huarte, F. Lan, T. Kim, M. W. Vaughn, M. Zaratiegui, R. A. Martienssen, S. Buratowski, and Y. Shi (2007)
J. Biol. Chem. 282, 21662-21670
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
RNAi-dependent H3K27 methylation is required for heterochromatin formation and DNA elimination in Tetrahymena.
Y. Liu, S. D. Taverna, T. L. Muratore, J. Shabanowitz, D. F. Hunt, and C. D. Allis (2007)
Genes & Dev. 21, 1530-1545
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Double-Stranded-RNA Response Program Important for RNA Interference Efficiency.
S. Choudhary, H.-C. Lee, M. Maiti, Q. He, P. Cheng, Q. Liu, and Y. Liu (2007)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 27, 3995-4005
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Centromeric Retrotransposons of Rice Are Transcribed and Differentially Processed by RNA Interference.
P. Neumann, H. Yan, and J. Jiang (2007)
Genetics 176, 749-761
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Transcription of the 1.688 Satellite DNA Family Is Under the Control of RNA Interference Machinery in Drosophila melanogaster Ovaries.
L. Usakin, J. Abad, V. V. Vagin, B. de Pablos, A. Villasante, and V. A. Gvozdev (2007)
Genetics 176, 1343-1349
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
HULC, a Histone H2B Ubiquitinating Complex, Modulates Heterochromatin Independent of Histone Methylation in Fission Yeast.
M. Zofall and S. I. S. Grewal (2007)
J. Biol. Chem. 282, 14065-14072
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Regulation of Arabidopsis thaliana 5S rRNA Genes.
I. Vaillant, S. Tutois, C. Cuvillier, I. Schubert, and S. Tourmente (2007)
Plant Cell Physiol. 48, 745-752
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Evidence of spatially bound gene regulation in Mus musculus: Decreased gene expression proximal to microRNA genomic location.
H. Inaoka, Y. Fukuoka, and I. S. Kohane (2007)
PNAS 104, 5020-5025
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Eukaryotic regulatory RNAs: an answer to the 'genome complexity' conundrum.
K. V. Prasanth and D. L. Spector (2007)
Genes & Dev. 21, 11-42
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Induction of Gene Silencing by Hairpin RNA Expression in Tetrahymena thermophila Reveals a Second Small RNA Pathway.
R. A. Howard-Till and M.-C. Yao (2006)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 26, 8731-8742
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Transcription and Evolutionary Dynamics of the Centromeric Satellite Repeat CentO in Rice.
H.-R. Lee, P. Neumann, J. Macas, and J. Jiang (2006)
Mol. Biol. Evol. 23, 2505-2520
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Inaugural Article: Defective RNA processing enhances RNA silencing and influences flowering of Arabidopsis.
A. J. Herr, A. Molnar, A. Jones, and D. C. Baulcombe (2006)
PNAS 103, 14994-15001
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Epigenetic regulators and histone modification.
A. Imhof (2006)
Brief Funct Genomic Proteomic 5, 222-227
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A microRNA detection system based on padlock probes and rolling circle amplification.
S. P. Jonstrup, J. Koch, and J. Kjems (2006)
RNA 12, 1747-1752
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Argonaute slicing is required for heterochromatic silencing and spreading..
D. V. Irvine, M. Zaratiegui, N. H. Tolia, D. B. Goto, D. H. Chitwood, M. W. Vaughn, L. Joshua-Tor, and R. A. Martienssen (2006)
Science 313, 1134-1137
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Characterization of the piRNA Complex from Rat Testes.
N. C. Lau, A. G. Seto, J. Kim, S. Kuramochi-Miyagawa, T. Nakano, D. P. Bartel, and R. E. Kingston (2006)
Science 313, 363-367
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
MicroRNA-Targeted and Small Interfering RNA-Mediated mRNA Degradation Is Regulated by Argonaute, Dicer, and RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase in Arabidopsis.
M. Ronemus, M. W. Vaughn, and R. A. Martienssen (2006)
PLANT CELL 18, 1559-1574
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The assembly and maintenance of heterochromatin initiated by transgene repeats are independent of the RNA interference pathway in Mammalian cells..
F. Wang, N. Koyama, H. Nishida, T. Haraguchi, W. Reith, and T. Tsukamoto (2006)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 26, 4028-4040
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Locus-Specific Control of DNA Methylation by the Arabidopsis SUVH5 Histone Methyltransferase.
M. L. Ebbs and J. Bender (2006)
PLANT CELL 18, 1166-1176
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
RNA-binding proteins SOP-2 and SOR-1 form a novel PcG-like complex in C. elegans..
T. Zhang, Y. Sun, E Tian, H. Deng, Y. Zhang, X. Luo, Q. Cai, H. Wang, J. Chai, and H. Zhang (2006)
Development 133, 1023-1033
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Arabidopsis-mei2-Like Genes Play a Role in Meiosis and Vegetative Growth in Arabidopsis.
J. Kaur, J. Sebastian, and I. Siddiqi (2006)
PLANT CELL 18, 545-559
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Noncoding RNAs of Trithorax Response Elements Recruit Drosophila Ash1 to Ultrabithorax..
T. Sanchez-Elsner, D. Gou, E. Kremmer, and F. Sauer (2006)
Science 311, 1118-1123
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Role of the silkworm argonaute2 homolog gene in double-strand break repair of extrachromosomal DNA.
H. Tsukioka, M. Takahashi, H. Mon, K. Okano, K. Mita, T. Shimada, J. M. Lee, Y. Kawaguchi, K. Koga, and T. Kusakabe (2006)
Nucleic Acids Res. 34, 1092-1101
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The JIL-1 histone H3S10 kinase regulates dimethyl H3K9 modifications and heterochromatic spreading in Drosophila.
W. Zhang, H. Deng, X. Bao, S. Lerach, J. Girton, J. Johansen, and K. M. Johansen (2006)
Development 133, 229-235
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Structural Basis for Double-Stranded RNA Processing by Dicer.
I. J. MacRae, K. Zhou, F. Li, A. Repic, A. N. Brooks, W. Z. Cande, P. D. Adams, and J. A. Doudna (2006)
Science 311, 195-198
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Evolutionary-conserved telomere-linked helicase genes of fission yeast are repressed by silencing factors, RNAi components and the telomere-binding protein Taz1.
K. R. Hansen, P. T. Ibarra, and G. Thon (2006)
Nucleic Acids Res. 34, 78-88
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Argonautes.
L. JOSHUA-TOR (2006)
Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 71, 67-72
   Abstract »    PDF »
Structure of Dicer and Mechanistic Implications for RNAi.
I.J. MacRAE, F. LI, K. ZHOU, W.Z. CANDE, and J.A. DOUDNA (2006)
Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 71, 73-80
   Abstract »    PDF »
Structural Biology of RNA Silencing and Its Functional Implications.
D.J. PATEL, J.-B. MA, Y.-R. YUAN, K. YE, Y. PEI, V. KURYAVYI, L. MALININA, G. MEISTER, and T. TUSCHL (2006)
Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 71, 81-93
   Abstract »    PDF »
Studies on the Mechanism of RNAi-dependent Heterochromatin Assembly.
D. MOAZED, M. BUHLER, S.M. BUKER, S.U. COLMENARES, E.L. GERACE, S.A. GERBER, E.-J.E. HONG, M.R. MOTAMEDI, A. VERDEL, J. VILLEN, et al. (2006)
Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 71, 461-471
   Abstract »    PDF »
Cell Biology of the Arabidopsis Nuclear siRNA Pathway for RNA-directed Chromatin Modification.
C.S. PIKAARD (2006)
Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 71, 473-480
   Abstract »    PDF »
RNAi-mediated Heterochromatin Assembly in Fission Yeast.
M. ZOFALL and S.I.S. GREWAL (2006)
Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 71, 487-496
   Abstract »    PDF »
Slicing and Spreading of Heterochromatic Silencing by RNA Interference.
S.M. LOCKE and R.A. MARTIENSSEN (2006)
Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 71, 497-503
   Abstract »    PDF »
The Expanding Universe of Noncoding RNAs.
G.J. HANNON, F.V. RIVAS, E.P. MURCHISON, and J.A. STEITZ (2006)
Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 71, 551-564
   Abstract »    PDF »
CpG-binding Protein (CXXC Finger Protein 1) Is a Component of the Mammalian Set1 Histone H3-Lys4 Methyltransferase Complex, the Analogue of the Yeast Set1/COMPASS Complex.
J.-H. Lee and D. G. Skalnik (2005)
J. Biol. Chem. 280, 41725-41731
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
H3 Lysine 9 Methylation Is Maintained on a Transcribed Inverted Repeat by Combined Action of SUVH6 and SUVH4 Methyltransferases.
M. L. Ebbs, L. Bartee, and J. Bender (2005)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 25, 10507-10515
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Decade of Histone Acetylation: Marking Eukaryotic Chromosomes with Specific Codes.
A. Kimura, K. Matsubara, and M. Horikoshi (2005)
J. Biochem. 138, 647-662
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
RNA Pol II subunit Rpb7 promotes centromeric transcription and RNAi-directed chromatin silencing.
I. Djupedal, M. Portoso, H. Spahr, C. Bonilla, C. M. Gustafsson, R. C. Allshire, and K. Ekwall (2005)
Genes & Dev. 19, 2301-2306
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Genome-wide HP1 binding in Drosophila: Developmental plasticity and genomic targeting signals.
E. de Wit, F. Greil, and B. van Steensel (2005)
Genome Res. 15, 1265-1273
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Characterization of Dicer-deficient murine embryonic stem cells.
E. P. Murchison, J. F. Partridge, O. H. Tam, S. Cheloufi, and G. J. Hannon (2005)
PNAS 102, 12135-12140
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Evolution of heterochromatic genes of Drosophila.
J. C. Yasuhara, C. H. DeCrease, and B. T. Wakimoto (2005)
PNAS 102, 10958-10963
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Dominant Inhibitory Chalcone Synthase Allele C2-Idf (Inhibitor diffuse) From Zea mays (L.) Acts via an Endogenous RNA Silencing Mechanism.
C. B. Della Vedova, R. Lorbiecke, H. Kirsch, M. B. Schulte, K. Scheets, L. M. Borchert, B. E. Scheffler, U. Wienand, K. C. Cone, and J. A. Birchler (2005)
Genetics 170, 1989-2002
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
RNA meets chromatin.
E. Bernstein and C. D. Allis (2005)
Genes & Dev. 19, 1635-1655
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Drosophila argonaute-2 is required early in embryogenesis for the assembly of centric/centromeric heterochromatin, nuclear division, nuclear migration, and germ-cell formation.
G. Deshpande, G. Calhoun, and P. Schedl (2005)
Genes & Dev. 19, 1680-1685
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Rik1-associated, cullin-dependent E3 ubiquitin ligase is essential for heterochromatin formation.
P. J. Horn, J.-N. Bastie, and C. L. Peterson (2005)
Genes & Dev. 19, 1705-1714
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
RNA Polymerase II Is Required for RNAi-Dependent Heterochromatin Assembly.
H. Kato, D. B. Goto, R. A. Martienssen, T. Urano, K. Furukawa, and Y. Murakami (2005)
Science 309, 467-469
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Plant Virus-Derived Small Interfering RNAs Originate Predominantly from Highly Structured Single-Stranded Viral RNAs.
A. Molnar, T. Csorba, L. Lakatos, E. Varallyay, C. Lacomme, and J. Burgyan (2005)
J. Virol. 79, 7812-7818
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Tsix transcription across the Xist gene alters chromatin conformation without affecting Xist transcription: implications for X-chromosome inactivation.
P. Navarro, S. Pichard, C. Ciaudo, P. Avner, and C. Rougeulle (2005)
Genes & Dev. 19, 1474-1484
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Small Sense and Antisense RNAs Derived from a Telomeric Retroposon Family in Giardia intestinalis.
E. Ullu, H. D. Lujan, and C. Tschudi (2005)
Eukaryot. Cell 4, 1155-1157
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Small Interfering RNAs That Trigger Posttranscriptional Gene Silencing Are Not Required for the Histone H3 Lys9 Methylation Necessary for Transgenic Tandem Repeat Stabilization in Neurospora crassa.
A. Chicas, E. C. Forrest, S. Sepich, C. Cogoni, and G. Macino (2005)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 25, 3793-3801
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Cytoplasmic and Nuclear Retained DMPK mRNAs Are Targets for RNA Interference in Myotonic Dystrophy Cells.
M.-A. Langlois, C. Boniface, G. Wang, J. Alluin, P. M. Salvaterra, J. Puymirat, J. J. Rossi, and N. S. Lee (2005)
J. Biol. Chem. 280, 16949-16954
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Small regulatory RNAs in mammals.
J. S. Mattick and I. V. Makunin (2005)
Hum. Mol. Genet. 14, R121-R132
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Argonaute protein PIWI controls mobilization of retrotransposons in the Drosophila male germline.
A. I. Kalmykova, M. S. Klenov, and V. A. Gvozdev (2005)
Nucleic Acids Res. 33, 2052-2059
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The role of heterochromatin in centromere function.
A. L Pidoux and R. C Allshire (2005)
Phil Trans R Soc B 360, 569-579
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
RNA Interference (RNAi)-Dependent and RNAi-Independent Association of the Chp1 Chromodomain Protein with Distinct Heterochromatic Loci in Fission Yeast.
V. J. Petrie, J. D. Wuitschick, C. D. Givens, A. M. Kosinski, and J. F. Partridge (2005)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 25, 2331-2346
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Transcriptional silencing of a transgene by RNAi in the soma of C. elegans.
A. Grishok, J. L. Sinskey, and P. A. Sharp (2005)
Genes & Dev. 19, 683-696
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The post-transcriptional gene silencing machinery functions independently of DNA methylation to repress a LINE1-like retrotransposon in Neurospora crassa.
T. Nolan, L. Braccini, G. Azzalin, A. De Toni, G. Macino, and C. Cogoni (2005)
Nucleic Acids Res. 33, 1564-1573
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Motif within SET-Domain Proteins Binds Single-Stranded Nucleic Acids and Transcribed and Supercoiled DNAs and Can Interfere with Assembly of Nucleosomes.
W. A. Krajewski, T. Nakamura, A. Mazo, and E. Canaani (2005)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 25, 1891-1899
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Perspective: machines for RNAi.
Y. Tomari and P. D. Zamore (2005)
Genes & Dev. 19, 517-529
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Conserved Locus-Specific Silencing Functions of Schizosaccharomyces pombe sir2+.
L. L. Freeman-Cook, E. B. Gomez, E. J. Spedale, J. Marlett, S. L. Forsburg, L. Pillus, and P. Laurenson (2005)
Genetics 169, 1243-1260
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »


To Advertise     Find Products

Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)