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Science 9 January 2004:
Vol. 303. no. 5655, pp. 240 - 243
DOI: 10.1126/science.1087023
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Reports

RNA Branching and Debranching in the Yeast Retrovirus-like Element Ty1

Zhi Cheng and Thomas M. Menees*

Ty elements of Saccharomyces cerevisiae are long terminal repeat (LTR) retroelements related to retroviruses. Normal levels of Ty1 transposition require Dbr1p, a cellular enzyme that cleaves 2'–5' RNA bonds. We show that Ty1 RNAs lacking identifiable 5' ends accumulate in virus-like particles (VLPs) in dbr1 mutants. Debranching this RNA in vitro with Dbr1p creates an uncapped version of the normal Ty1 RNA 5' end. We show that the 5' nucleotide (nt) of Ty1 RNA forms a 2'–5' bond witha nt near the 3' end of the same RNA, creating a lariat. The properties of the lariat suggest it forms by a novel mechanism and that branching and debranching may play roles in Ty1 reverse transcription at the minus-strand transfer step.

School of Biological Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO 64110, USA.

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: meneest{at}umkc.edu

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THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
Ty1 reverse transcriptase does not read through the proposed 2',5'-branched retrotransposition intermediate in vitro.
E. D. Pratico and S. K. Silverman (2007)
RNA 13, 1528-1536
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Host Factors That Control Long Terminal Repeat Retrotransposons in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Implications for Regulation of Mammalian Retroviruses.
P. H. Maxwell and M. J. Curcio (2007)
Eukaryot. Cell 6, 1069-1080
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Characterization of RNase R-digested cellular RNA source that consists of lariat and circular RNAs from pre-mRNA splicing..
H. Suzuki, Y. Zuo, J. Wang, M. Q. Zhang, A. Malhotra, and A. Mayeda (2006)
Nucleic Acids Res. 34, e63
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Structure-function analysis of yeast RNA debranching enzyme (Dbr1), a manganese-dependent phosphodiesterase.
M. F. Khalid, M. J. Damha, S. Shuman, and B. Schwer (2005)
Nucleic Acids Res. 33, 6349-6360
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Capping by Branching: A New Ribozyme Makes Tiny Lariats.
A. M. Pyle (2005)
Science 309, 1530-1531
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Interaction of the Ty3 Reverse Transcriptase Thumb Subdomain with Template-Primer.
A. Bibillo, D. Lener, A. Tewari, and S. F. J. Le Grice (2005)
J. Biol. Chem. 280, 30282-30290
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Unorthodox mRNA start site to extend the highly structured leader of retrotransposon Tto1 mRNA increases transposition rate.
G. BOHMDORFER, I. L. HOFACKER, K. GARBER, S. JELENIC, V. NIZHYNSKA, H. HIROCHIKA, P. F. STADLER, and A. BACHMAIR (2005)
RNA 11, 1181-1191
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A deoxyribozyme that synthesizes 2',5'-branched RNA with any branch-site nucleotide.
E. D. Pratico, Y. Wang, and S. K. Silverman (2005)
Nucleic Acids Res. 33, 3503-3512
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
An evaluation of detection methods for large lariat RNAs.
C. E. COOMBES and J. D. BOEKE (2005)
RNA 11, 323-331
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »


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Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)