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Science 9 January 2004:
Vol. 303. no. 5655, pp. 235 - 238
DOI: 10.1126/science.1091288
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Reports

Reflectins: The Unusual Proteins of Squid Reflective Tissues

Wendy J. Crookes,1 Lin-Lin Ding,2 Qing Ling Huang,2 Jennifer R. Kimbell,1 Joseph Horwitz,2 Margaret J. McFall-Ngai1*

A family of unusual proteins is deposited in flat, structural platelets in reflective tissues of the squid Euprymna scolopes. These proteins, which we have named reflectins, are encoded by at least six genes in three subfamilies and have no reported homologs outside of squids. Reflectins possess five repeating domains, which are highly conserved among members of the family. The proteins have a very unusual composition, with four relatively rare residues (tyrosine, methionine, arginine, and tryptophan) comprising ~57% of a reflectin, and several common residues (alanine, isoleucine, leucine, and lysine) occurring in none of the family members. These protein-based reflectors in squids provide a marked example of nanofabrication in animal systems.

1 Kewalo Marine Laboratory, Pacific Biomedical Research Center, University of Hawaii–Manoa, 41 Ahui Street, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA.
2 Jules Stein Eye Institute, University of California–Los Angeles, 100 Stein Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: mcfallng{at}hawaii.edu

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Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)