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Science 3 October 2003:
Vol. 302. no. 5642, pp. 92 - 95
DOI: 10.1126/science.1089408
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Reports
The Anomalous Hall Effect and Magnetic Monopoles in Momentum Space
Zhong Fang,1,2*
Naoto Nagaosa,1,3,4
Kei S. Takahashi,5
Atsushi Asamitsu,1,6
Roland Mathieu,1
Takeshi Ogasawara,3
Hiroyuki Yamada,3
Masashi Kawasaki,3,7
Yoshinori Tokura,1,3,4
Kiyoyuki Terakura8
Efforts to find the magnetic monopole in real space have been made in cosmic rays and in particle accelerators, but there has not yet been any firm evidence for its existence because of its very heavy mass,  10 16 giga–electron volts. We show that the magnetic monopole can appear in the crystal momentum space of solids in the accessible low-energy region ( 0.1 to 1 electron volts) in the context of the anomalous Hall effect. We report experimental results together with first-principles calculations on the ferromagnetic crystal SrRuO 3 that provide evidence for the magnetic monopole in the crystal momentum space.
2 Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Beijing 100080, China.
3 Correlated Electron Research Center, AIST Tsukuba Central 4, Tsukuba 305-8562, Japan.
4 Department of Applied Physics, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan.
5 Department of Condensed Matter Physics, University of Geneva, 24, quai Ernest-Ansermet, 1211 Geneva 4, Switzerland.
6 Cryogenic Center, University of Tokyo, 2-11-16 Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0032, Japan.
7 Institute for Materials Research, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan.
8 Research Institute for Computational Sciences, AIST Tsukuba Central 2, Tsukuba 305-8568, Japan.
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: z.fang{at}aist.go.jp
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