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Science 22 August 2003:
Vol. 301. no. 5636, pp. 1090 - 1093
DOI: 10.1126/science.1085703
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Reports

FACT Facilitates Transcription-Dependent Nucleosome Alteration

Rimma Belotserkovskaya,1* Sangtaek Oh,1* Vladimir A. Bondarenko,2 George Orphanides,{dagger} Vasily M. Studitsky,2 Danny Reinberg1{ddagger}

The FACT (facilitates chromatin transcription) complex is required for transcript elongation through nucleosomes by RNA polymerase II (Pol II) in vitro. Here, we show that FACT facilitates Pol II–driven transcription by destabilizing nucleosomal structure so that one histone H2A-H2B dimer is removed during enzyme passage. We also demonstrate that FACT possesses intrinsic histone chaperone activity and can deposit core histones onto DNA. Importantly, FACT activity requires both of its constituent subunits and is dependent on the highly acidic C terminus of its larger subunit, Spt16. These findings define the mechanism by which Pol II can transcribe through chromatin without disrupting its epigenetic status.

1 Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biochemistry, Division of Nucleic Acids Enzymology, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
2 Department of Biochemistry, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.


* These authors contributed equally to this work.

{dagger} Present address: Syngenta Central Toxicology Laboratory, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire SK10 4TJ, UK.

{ddagger} To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: reinbedf{at}umdnj.edu

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Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)