Note to users. If you're seeing this message, it means that your browser cannot find this page's style/presentation instructions -- or possibly that you are using a browser that does not support current Web standards. Find out more about why this message is appearing, and what you can do to make your experience of our site the best it can be.

Science 18 July 2003:
Vol. 301. no. 5631, pp. 363 - 367
DOI: 10.1126/science.1085672
Prev | Table of Contents | Next

Reports

Hox10 and Hox11 Genes Are Required to Globally Pattern the Mammalian Skeleton

Deneen M. Wellik and Mario R. Capecchi*

Mice in which all members of the Hox10 or Hox11 paralogous group are disrupted provide evidence that these Hox genes are involved in global patterning of the axial and appendicular skeleton. In the absence of Hox10 function, no lumbar vertebrae are formed. Instead, ribs project from all posterior vertebrae, extending caudally from the last thoracic vertebrae to beyond the sacral region. In the absence of Hox11 function, sacral vertebrae are not formed and instead these vertebrae assume a lumbar identity. The redundancy among these paralogous family members is so great that this global aspect of Hox patterning is not apparent in mice that are mutant for five of the six paralogous alleles.

Howard Hughes Medical Institute and University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.

* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: mario.capecchi{at}genetics.utah.edu

Read the Full Text


THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
Molecular Regulation of Limb Growth.
K. Lyons and M. Ezaki (2009)
J. Bone Joint Surg. Am. 91, 47-52
   Full Text »    PDF »
Embryonic origin and Hox status determine progenitor cell fate during adult bone regeneration.
P. Leucht, J.-B. Kim, R. Amasha, A. W. James, S. Girod, and J. A. Helms (2008)
Development 135, 2845-2854
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
VACTERL/caudal regression/Currarino syndrome-like malformations in mice with mutation in the proprotein convertase Pcsk5.
D. Szumska, G. Pieles, R. Essalmani, M. Bilski, D. Mesnard, K. Kaur, A. Franklyn, K. El Omari, J. Jefferis, J. Bentham, et al. (2008)
Genes & Dev. 22, 1465-1477
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Hoxc10 and Hoxd10 regulate mouse columnar, divisional and motor pool identity of lumbar motoneurons.
Y. Wu, G. Wang, S. A. Scott, and M. R. Capecchi (2008)
Development 135, 171-182
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Mice lacking sister chromatid cohesion protein PDS5B exhibit developmental abnormalities reminiscent of Cornelia de Lange syndrome.
B. Zhang, S. Jain, H. Song, M. Fu, R. O. Heuckeroth, J. M. Erlich, P. Y. Jay, and J. Milbrandt (2007)
Development 134, 3191-3201
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Hox patterning of the vertebrate rib cage.
D. C. McIntyre, S. Rakshit, A. R. Yallowitz, L. Loken, L. Jeannotte, M. R. Capecchi, and D. M. Wellik (2007)
Development 134, 2981-2989
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The rise and fall of Hox gene clusters.
D. Duboule (2007)
Development 134, 2549-2560
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Appearances can be deceiving: phenotypes of knockout mice.
I. Barbaric, G. Miller, and T. N. Dear (2007)
Brief Funct Genomic Proteomic
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Rethinking the proximodistal axis of the vertebrate limb in the molecular era.
C. Tabin and L. Wolpert (2007)
Genes & Dev. 21, 1433-1442
   Full Text »    PDF »
HOXA10 Controls Osteoblastogenesis by Directly Activating Bone Regulatory and Phenotypic Genes.
M. Q. Hassan, R. Tare, S. H. Lee, M. Mandeville, B. Weiner, M. Montecino, A. J. van Wijnen, J. L. Stein, G. S. Stein, and J. B. Lian (2007)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 27, 3337-3352
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Hox Control of Organ Size by Regulation of Morphogen Production and Mobility.
M. A. Crickmore and R. S. Mann (2006)
Science 313, 63-68
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Pbx1/Pbx2 requirement for distal limb patterning is mediated by the hierarchical control of Hox gene spatial distribution and Shh expression.
T. D. Capellini, G. Di Giacomo, V. Salsi, A. Brendolan, E. Ferretti, D. Srivastava, V. Zappavigna, and L. Selleri (2006)
Development 133, 2263-2273
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Gene Regulatory Networks and the Evolution of Animal Body Plans.
E. H. Davidson and D. H. Erwin (2006)
Science 311, 796-800
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Hox genes specify vertebral types in the presomitic mesoderm.
M. Carapuco, A. Novoa, N. Bobola, and M. Mallo (2005)
Genes & Dev. 19, 2116-2121
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
New insights into craniofacial morphogenesis.
J. A. Helms, D. Cordero, and M. D. Tapadia (2005)
Development 132, 851-861
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
B-Cell Translocation Gene 2 (Btg2) Regulates Vertebral Patterning by Modulating Bone Morphogenetic Protein/Smad Signaling.
S. Park, Y. J. Lee, H.-J. Lee, T. Seki, K.-H. Hong, J. Park, H. Beppu, I. K. Lim, J.-W. Yoon, E. Li, et al. (2004)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 24, 10256-10262
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Edward B. Lewis, 1918-2004.
J. F. Crow and W. Bender (2004)
Genetics 168, 1773-1783
   Full Text »    PDF »
HOXA13 regulates the expression of bone morphogenetic proteins 2 and 7 to control distal limb morphogenesis.
W. M. Knosp, V. Scott, H. P. Bachinger, and H. S. Stadler (2004)
Development 131, 4581-4592
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Direct interaction with Hoxd proteins reverses Gli3-repressor function to promote digit formation downstream of Shh.
Y. Chen, V. Knezevic, V. Ervin, R. Hutson, Y. Ward, and S. Mackem (2004)
Development 131, 2339-2347
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Contribution of Hox genes to the diversity of the hindbrain sensory system.
G. O. Gaufo, S. Wu, and M. R. Capecchi (2004)
Development 131, 1259-1266
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Multiple roles of Hoxa11 and Hoxd11 in the formation of the mammalian forelimb zeugopod.
A. M. Boulet and M. R. Capecchi (2004)
Development 131, 299-309
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »


To Advertise     Find Products

Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)