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Science 25 April 2003:
Vol. 300. no. 5619, pp. 633 - 636
DOI: 10.1126/science.1081813
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Reports

Roles of NPM2 in Chromatin and Nucleolar Organization in Oocytes and Embryos

Kathleen H. Burns,1,2* Maria M. Viveiros,4*{dagger} Yongsheng Ren ,1* Pei Wang,1,3 Francesco J. DeMayo,3 Donald E. Frail ,5{ddagger} John J. Eppig,4 Martin M. Matzuk1,2,3§

Upon fertilization, remodeling of condensed maternal and paternal gamete DNA occurs to form the diploid genome. In Xenopus laevis, nucleoplasmin 2 (NPM2) decondenses sperm DNA in vitro. To study chromatin remodeling in vivo, we isolated mammalian NPM2 orthologs. Mouse NPM2 accumulates in oocyte nuclei and persists in preimplantation embryos. Npm2 knockout females have fertility defects owing to failed preimplantation embryo development. Although sperm DNA decondensation proceeds without NPM2, abnormalities are evident in oocyte and early embryonic nuclei. These defects include an absence of coalesced nucleolar structures and loss of heterochromatin and deacetylated histone H3 that normally circumscribe nucleoli in oocytes and early embryos, respectively. Thus, Npm2 is a maternal effect gene critical for nuclear and nucleolar organization and embryonic development.

1 Department of Pathology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
2 Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
3 Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
4 The Jackson Laboratory, 600 Main Street, Bar Harbor, ME 04609, USA.
5 Wyeth Research, 500 Arcola Road, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA.



{dagger} Present address: Department of Animal Biology, Center for Transgenesis and Germ Cell Research, University of Pennsylvania, 382 West Street Road, Kennett Square, PA 19348, USA.

{ddagger} Present address: CNS Discovery Research, Pharmacia Corporation, 301 Henrietta Street, Kalamazoo, MI 49007, USA.

* These authors contributed equally to this work.

§ To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: mmatzuk{at}bcm.tmc.edu

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