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Grain Boundary Scars and Spherical Crystallography
A. R. Bausch,1*M. J. Bowick,2*A. Cacciuto,3A. D. Dinsmore,4M. F. Hsu,5D. R. Nelson,5M. G. Nikolaides,15A. Travesset,6D. A. Weitz5
We describe experimental investigations of the
structure of two-dimensional spherical crystals. The crystals, formed
by beadsself-assembled on water droplets in oil, serve as model
systemsfor exploring very general theories about the minimum-energy
configurationsof particles with arbitrary repulsive interactions on
curved surfaces.Above a critical system size we find that crystals
develop distinctivehigh-angle grain boundaries, or scars, not found in
planar crystals.The number of excess defects in a scar is shown to
grow linearlywith the dimensionless system size. The observed slope is
expectedto be universal, independent of the microscopic potential.
1 Department of Physics, E22, Technische
Universität München, 85747 München, Germany.
2 Physics Department, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY
13244-1130, USA.
3 Fundamenteel Onderzoek der Materie
Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics, Kruislaan 407, 1098 SJ, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
4 Department of Physics,
University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003-4525, USA.
5 Department of Physics and Division of Engineering and
Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
6 Physics and Astronomy Department, Iowa State University,
and Ames National Laboratory, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
*
To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
abausch{at}ph.tum.de (A.R.B.), bowick{at}physics.syr.edu (M.J.B.)
Bacteriophage capsids: Tough nanoshells with complex elastic properties.
I. L. Ivanovska, P. J. de Pablo, B. Ibarra, G. Sgalari, F. C. MacKintosh, J. L. Carrascosa, C. F. Schmidt, and G. J. L. Wuite (2004)
PNAS
101, 7600-7605
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