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Science 7 March 2003:
Vol. 299. no. 5612, pp. 1582 - 1585
DOI: 10.1126/science.1080857
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Reports

Traces of Human Migrations in Helicobacter pylori Populations

Daniel Falush,1 Thierry Wirth,1 Bodo Linz,1 Jonathan K. Pritchard,2 Matthew Stephens,3 Mark Kidd,4 Martin J. Blaser,5 David Y. Graham,6 Sylvie Vacher,7 Guillermo I. Perez-Perez,5 Yoshio Yamaoka,6 Francis Mégraud,7 Kristina Otto,8 Ulrike Reichard,1 Elena Katzowitsch,8 Xiaoyan Wang,1 Mark Achtman,1* Sebastian Suerbaum8

Helicobacter pylori, a chronic gastric pathogen of human beings, can be divided into seven populations and subpopulations with distinct geographical distributions. These modern populations derive their gene pools from ancestral populations that arose in Africa, Central Asia, and East Asia. Subsequent spread can be attributed to human migratory fluxes such as the prehistoric colonization of Polynesia and the Americas, the neolithic introduction of farming to Europe, the Bantu expansion within Africa, and the slave trade.

1 Department of Molecular Biology, Max-Planck Institut für Infektionsbiologie, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
2 Department of Human Genetics, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
3 Department of Statistics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195-4322, USA.
4 Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8062, USA.
5 Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016-9196, USA.
6 VA Medical Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
7 Université Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2, 33076 Bordeaux, France.
8 Institut für Hygiene und Mikrobiologie, Universität Würzburg, Josef-Schneider Strabeta e 2, 97080 Würzburg, Germany.
*   To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: achtman{at}mpiib-berlin.mpg.de

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