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Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Pathways Mediated by ERK, JNK, and p38 Protein Kinases
Gary L. Johnson,*Razvan Lapadat
Multicellular organisms have three well-characterized subfamilies
of mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) that controla vast array
of physiological processes. These enzymes are regulatedby a
characteristic phosphorelay system in which a series of threeprotein
kinases phosphorylate and activate one another. The extracellularsignal-regulated kinases (ERKs) function in the control of celldivision, and inhibitors of these enzymes are being explored asanticancer agents. The c-Jun amino-terminal kinases
(JNKs) arecritical regulators of transcription, and JNK
inhibitors may beeffective in control of rheumatoid arthritis. The p38
MAPKs areactivated by inflammatory cytokines and environmental
stressesand may contribute to diseases like asthma and autoimmunity.
Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado Health Sciences
Center, Denver, CO 80262, USA.
*
To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
gary.johnson{at}uchsc.edu
Gary L. Johnson Sci. Signal. (Connections Map Pathway), http://stke.sciencemag.org/cgi/cm/stkecm;CMP_10958 |Canonical Pathway »
DATABASE OF CELL SIGNALING
ERK1/ERK2 MAPK Pathway
Gary L. Johnson Sci. Signal. (Connections Map Pathway), http://stke.sciencemag.org/cgi/cm/stkecm;CMP_10705 |Canonical Pathway »
DATABASE OF CELL SIGNALING
JNK MAPK Pathway
Gary L. Johnson Sci. Signal. (Connections Map Pathway), http://stke.sciencemag.org/cgi/cm/stkecm;CMP_10827 |Canonical Pathway »
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