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Projection of an Immunological Self Shadow Within the Thymus by the Aire Protein
Mark S. Anderson,1Emily S. Venanzi,1Ludger Klein,2Zhibin Chen,1Stuart P. Berzins,1Shannon J. Turley,1Harald von Boehmer,2Roderick Bronson,3Andrée Dierich,4Christophe Benoist,1*Diane Mathis1*
Humans expressing a defective form of the transcription
factor AIRE (autoimmune regulator) develop multiorgan autoimmune
disease.We used aire- deficient mice to test the
hypothesis that thistranscription factor regulates autoimmunity by
promoting the ectopicexpression of peripheral tissue- restricted
antigens in medullaryepithelial cells of the thymus. This hypothesis
proved correct.The mutant animals exhibited a defined profile of
autoimmune diseasesthat depended on the absence of aire in stromal
cells of the thymus.Aire-deficient thymic medullary epithelial cells
showed a specificreduction in ectopic transcription of genes encoding
peripheralantigens. These findings highlight the importance of
thymicallyimposed "central" tolerance in controlling autoimmunity.
1 Section on Immunology and Immunogenetics,
Joslin Diabetes Center; Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's
Hospital; Harvard Medical School, 1 Joslin Place, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
2 Dana Farber Cancer Institute, 44 Binney
Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
3 Harvard Medical
School, 200 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
4 Institut de Génétique et de Biologie
Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS/INSERM/ULP, 1 rue Laurent Fries,
67404 Strasbourg, France.
*
To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
cbdm{at}joslin.harvard.edu
The editors suggest the following Related Resources on Science sites:
In Science Magazine
PERSPECTIVES
Pamela S. Ohashi (15 November 2002) Science298 (5597), 1348.
[DOI: 10.1126/science.1079323] |Summary »|Full Text »|PDF »
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Local Intrahepatic CD8+ T Cell Activation by a Non-Self- Antigen Results in Full Functional Differentiation.
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177, 1689-1697
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Abnormal lymphoid organ development in immunodeficient mutant mice..
R. Seymour, J. P. Sundberg, and H. HogenEsch (2006)
Vet. Pathol.
43, 401-423
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Tolerance to Proinsulin-2 Is Due to Radioresistant Thymic Cells.
B. Faideau, C. Lotton, B. Lucas, I. Tardivel, J. F. Elliott, C. Boitard, and J.-C. Carel (2006)
J. Immunol.
177, 53-60
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Lymphotoxin Pathway-Directed, Autoimmune Regulator-Independent Central Tolerance to Arthritogenic Collagen.
R. K. Chin, M. Zhu, P. A. Christiansen, W. Liu, C. Ware, L. Peltonen, X. Zhang, L. Guo, S. Han, B. Zheng, et al. (2006)
J. Immunol.
177, 290-297
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Spontaneous B cell hyperactivity in autoimmune-prone MRL mice.
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Int. Immunol.
18, 1127-1137
|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Cervical Thymus in the Mouse..
J. Dooley, M. Erickson, G. O. Gillard, and A. G. Farr (2006)
J. Immunol.
176, 6484-6490
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Foxp3+ CD25+ regulatory T cells specific for a neo-self-antigen develop at the double-positive thymic stage.
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PNAS
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|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Processing of Tumor-Associated Antigen by the Proteasomes of Dendritic Cells Controls In vivo T-Cell Responses..
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|Abstract »|Full Text »|PDF »
Features of Medullary Thymic Epithelium Implicate Postnatal Development in Maintaining Epithelial Heterogeneity and Tissue-Restricted Antigen Expression.
