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Originally published in Science Express on 26 September 2002
Science 1 November 2002:
Vol. 298. no. 5595, pp. 995 - 1000
DOI: 10.1126/science.1076185
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Research Articles

This article has been retracted

Contribution of Human alpha -Defensin 1, 2, and 3 to the Anti-HIV-1 Activity of CD8 Antiviral Factor

Linqi Zhang,1* Wenjie Yu,1 Tian He,1 Jian Yu,1 Rebecca E. Caffrey,2 Enrique A. Dalmasso,2 Siyu Fu,2 Thang Pham,2 Jianfeng Mei,2 Jaclyn J. Ho,1 Wenyong Zhang,1 Peter Lopez,1 David D. Ho1*

It has been known since 1986 that CD8 T lymphocytes from certain HIV-1-infected individuals who are immunologically stable secrete a soluble factor, termed CAF, that suppresses HIV-1 replication. However, the identity of CAF remained elusive despite an extensive search. By means of a protein-chip technology, we identified a cluster of proteins that were secreted when CD8 T cells from long-term nonprogressors with HIV-1 infection were stimulated. These proteins were identified as alpha -defensin 1, 2, and 3 on the basis of specific antibody recognition and amino acid sequencing. CAF activity was eliminated or neutralized by an antibody specific for human alpha -defensins. Synthetic and purified preparations of alpha -defensins also inhibited the replication of HIV-1 isolates in vitro. Taken together, our results indicate that alpha -defensin 1, 2, and 3 collectively account for much of the anti-HIV-1 activity of CAF that is not attributable to beta -chemokines.

1 Aaron Diamond AIDS Research Center, The Rockefeller University, 455 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA.
2 Ciphergen Biosystems, Inc., 6611 Dumbarton Circle, Fremont, CA 94555, USA.
*   To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: lzhang{at}adarc.org (L.Z.); dho{at}adarc.org (D.D.H.)

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