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Science 6 September 2002:
Vol. 297. no. 5587, pp. 1703 - 1706
DOI: 10.1126/science.1074276
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Reports

Inhibition of Retroviral RNA Production by ZAP, a CCCH-Type Zinc Finger Protein

Guangxia Gao,12 Xuemin Guo,2 Stephen P. Goff1*

Cells have evolved multiple mechanisms to inhibit viral replication. To identify previously unknown antiviral activities, we screened mammalian complementary DNA (cDNA) libraries for genes that prevent infection by a genetically marked retrovirus. Virus-resistant cells were selected from pools of transduced clones, and an active antiviral cDNA was recovered. The gene encodes a CCCH-type zinc finger protein designated ZAP. Expression of the gene caused a profound and specific loss of viral messenger RNAs (mRNAs) from the cytoplasm without affecting the levels of nuclear mRNAs. The finding suggests the existence of a previously unknown machinery for the inhibition of virus replication, targeting a step in viral gene expression.

1 Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, 701 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA.
2 Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China.
*   To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: goff{at}cancercenter.columbia.edu

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