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Science 7 June 2002:
Vol. 296. no. 5574, pp. 1821 - 1825
DOI: 10.1126/science.1068886
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Review

A Role for Lipid Shells in Targeting Proteins to Caveolae, Rafts, and Other Lipid Domains

Richard G. W. Anderson,* Ken Jacobson

The surface membrane of cells is studded with morphologically distinct regions, or domains, like microvilli, cell-cell junctions, and coated pits. Each of these domains is specialized for a particular function, such as nutrient absorption, cell-cell communication, and endocytosis. Lipid domains, which include caveolae and rafts, are one of the least understood membrane domains. These domains are high in cholesterol and sphingolipids, have a light buoyant density, and function in both endocytosis and cell signaling. A major mystery, however, is how resident molecules are targeted to lipid domains. Here, we propose that the molecular address for proteins targeted to lipid domains is a lipid shell.

Department of Cell Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390-9039, and Department of Cell and Developmental Biology and Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7090, USA.
*   To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: richard.anderson{at}utsouthwestern.edu

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Sigma-1 receptors at galactosylceramide-enriched lipid microdomains regulate oligodendrocyte differentiation.
T. Hayashi and T.-P. Su (2004)
PNAS 101, 14949-14954
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Enhanced Membrane Fusion in Sterol-enriched Vacuoles Bypasses the Vrp1p Requirement.
K. Tedrick, T. Trischuk, R. Lehner, and G. Eitzen (2004)
Mol. Biol. Cell 15, 4609-4621
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Measles Virus Interacts with and Alters Signal Transduction in T-Cell Lipid Rafts.
E. Avota, N. Muller, M. Klett, and S. Schneider-Schaulies (2004)
J. Virol. 78, 9552-9559
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A major flagellum sialoglycoprotein in sea urchin sperm contains a novel polysialic acid, an {alpha}2,9-linked poly-N-acetylneuraminic acid chain, capped by an 8-O-sulfated sialic acid residue.
S. Miyata, C. Sato, S. Kitamura, M. Toriyama, and K. Kitajima (2004)
Glycobiology 14, 827-840
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Cell Surface Ceramide Generation Precedes and Controls Fc{gamma}RII Clustering and Phosphorylation in Rafts.
A. B. Abdel Shakor, K. Kwiatkowska, and A. Sobota (2004)
J. Biol. Chem. 279, 36778-36787
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Three Separable Domains Regulate GTP-Dependent Association of H-ras with the Plasma Membrane.
B. Rotblat, I. A. Prior, C. Muncke, R. G. Parton, Y. Kloog, Y. I. Henis, and J. F. Hancock (2004)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 24, 6799-6810
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Diglons are heterodimeric proteins composed of IgLON subunits, and Diglon-CO inhibits neurite outgrowth from cerebellar granule cells.
J. Reed, C. McNamee, S. Rackstraw, J. Jenkins, and D. Moss (2004)
J. Cell Sci. 117, 3961-3973
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Functional Mapping of Ca2+ Signaling Complexes in Plasma Membrane Microdomains of Polarized Cells.
Q. Li, X. Luo, and S. Muallem (2004)
J. Biol. Chem. 279, 27837-27840
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Lipid Raft Disruption Triggers Protein Kinase C and Src-dependent Protein Kinase D Activation and Kidins220 Phosphorylation in Neuronal Cells.
N. Cabrera-Poch, L. Sanchez-Ruiloba, M. Rodriguez-Martinez, and T. Iglesias (2004)
J. Biol. Chem. 279, 28592-28602
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Cholesterol Efflux Alters Lipid Raft Stability and Distribution During Capacitation of Boar Spermatozoa.
S. Shadan, P. S. James, E. A. Howes, and R. Jones (2004)
Biol Reprod 71, 253-265
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Different Roles for Caveolin-1 in the Development of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer versus Small Cell Lung Cancer.
N. Sunaga, K. Miyajima, M. Suzuki, M. Sato, M. A. White, R. D. Ramirez, J. W. Shay, A. F. Gazdar, and J. D. Minna (2004)
Cancer Res. 64, 4277-4285
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Dynamics of putative raft-associated proteins at the cell surface.
A. K. Kenworthy, B. J. Nichols, C. L. Remmert, G. M. Hendrix, M. Kumar, J. Zimmerberg, and J. Lippincott-Schwartz (2004)
J. Cell Biol. 165, 735-746
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Stimulation of Xenopus laevis Oocyte Maturation by Methyl-{beta}-Cyclodextrin.
S. E. Sadler and N. D. Jacobs (2004)
Biol Reprod 70, 1685-1692
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Markers for Detergent-resistant Lipid Rafts Occupy Distinct and Dynamic Domains in Native Membranes.
B. S. Wilson, S. L. Steinberg, K. Liederman, J. R. Pfeiffer, Z. Surviladze, J. Zhang, L. E. Samelson, L.-h. Yang, P. G. Kotula, and J. M. Oliver (2004)
Mol. Biol. Cell 15, 2580-2592
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »


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