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Science 17 May 2002:
Vol. 296. no. 5571, pp. 1302 - 1305
DOI: 10.1126/science.1070120
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Reports
Identity and Search in Social Networks
Duncan J. Watts,123*
Peter Sheridan Dodds,2
M. E. J. Newman3
Social networks have the surprising property of being
"searchable": Ordinary people are capable of directing messages
through their network of acquaintances to reach a specific but distant target person in only a few steps. We present a model that offers an
explanation of social network searchability in terms of recognizable personal identities: sets of characteristics measured along a number of
social dimensions. Our model defines a class of searchable networks and
a method for searching them that may be applicable to many network
search problems, including the location of data files in peer-to-peer
networks, pages on the World Wide Web, and information in distributed
databases.
1 Department of Sociology, Columbia University,
New York, NY 10027, USA.
2 Columbia Earth Institute,
Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
3 Santa Fe Institute, 1399 Hyde Park Road, Santa Fe,
NM 87501, USA.
*
To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
djw24{at}columbia.edu
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