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Science 26 April 2002:
Vol. 296. no. 5568, pp. 678 - 682
DOI: 10.1126/science.1063545
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Review

Endocannabinoid Signaling in the Brain

Rachel I. Wilson,1 Roger A. Nicoll2*

The primary psychoactive ingredient in cannabis, Delta 9-tetrahydrocannabinol (Delta 9-THC), affects the brain mainly by activating a specific receptor (CB1). CB1 is expressed at high levels in many brain regions, and several endogenous brain lipids have been identified as CB1 ligands. In contrast to classical neurotransmitters, endogenous cannabinoids can function as retrograde synaptic messengers: They are released from postsynaptic neurons and travel backward across synapses, activating CB1 on presynaptic axons and suppressing neurotransmitter release. Cannabinoids may affect memory, cognition, and pain perception by means of this cellular mechanism.

1 Division of Biology, 139-74, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA.
2 Department of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology and Department of Physiology, University of California, 513 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143-0450, USA.
*   To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: nicoll{at}phy.ucsf.edu

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C. Scorticati, C. Mohn, A. De Laurentiis, P. Vissio, J. Fernandez Solari, A. Seilicovich, S. M. McCann, and V. Rettori (2003)
PNAS 100, 2134-2139
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Structural Adaptations in a Membrane Enzyme That Terminates Endocannabinoid Signaling.
M. H. Bracey, M. A. Hanson, K. R. Masuda, R. C. Stevens, and B. F. Cravatt (2002)
Science 298, 1793-1796
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The Endocannabinoid Anandamide Inhibits Neuronal Progenitor Cell Differentiation through Attenuation of the Rap1/B-Raf/ERK Pathway.
D. Rueda, B. Navarro, A. Martinez-Serrano, M. Guzman, and I. Galve-Roperh (2002)
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