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Science 8 March 2002:
Vol. 295. no. 5561, pp. 1863 - 1868
DOI: 10.1126/science.1068186
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Research Articles

Molecular Basis of Proton Motive Force Generation: Structure of Formate Dehydrogenase-N

Mika Jormakka,1 Susanna Törnroth,3 Bernadette Byrne,2 So Iwata123*

The structure of the membrane protein formate dehydrogenase-N (Fdn-N), a major component of Escherichia coli nitrate respiration, has been determined at 1.6 angstroms. The structure demonstrates 11 redox centers, including molybdopterin-guanine dinucleotides, five [4Fe-4S] clusters, two heme b groups, and a menaquinone analog. These redox centers are aligned in a single chain, which extends almost 90 angstroms through the enzyme. The menaquinone reduction site associated with a possible proton pathway was also characterized. This structure provides critical insights into the proton motive force generation by redox loop, a common mechanism among a wide range of respiratory enzymes.

1 Division of Biomedical Sciences and
2 Department of Biological Sciences, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
3 Department of Biochemistry, BMC, Uppsala University, Box 576, S-75123 Uppsala, Sweden.
*   To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: s.iwata{at}ic.ac.uk

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