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Science 14 December 2001:
Vol. 294. no. 5550, pp. 2357 - 2360
DOI: 10.1126/science.1066101
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Reports

Genome-Wide Distribution of ORC and MCM Proteins in S. cerevisiae: High-Resolution Mapping of Replication Origins

John J. Wyrick,12* Jennifer G. Aparicio,3* Ting Chen,3 John D. Barnett,2 Ezra G. Jennings,12 Richard A. Young,12 Stephen P. Bell,14 Oscar M. Aparicio3dagger

DNA replication origins are fundamental to chromosome organization and duplication, but understanding of these elements is limited because only a small fraction of these sites have been identified in eukaryotic genomes. Origin Recognition Complex (ORC) and minichromosome maintenance (MCM) proteins form prereplicative complexes at origins of replication. Using these proteins as molecular landmarks for origins, we identified ORC- and MCM-bound sites throughout the yeast genome. Four hundred twenty-nine sites in the yeast genome were predicted to contain replication origins, and ~80% of the loci identified on chromosome X demonstrated origin function. A substantial fraction of the predicted origins are associated with repetitive DNA sequences, including subtelomeric elements (X and Y') and transposable element-associated sequences (long terminal repeats). These findings identify the global set of yeast replication origins and open avenues of investigation into the role(s) ORC and MCM proteins play in chromosomal architecture and dynamics.

1 Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
2 Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
3 Program in Molecular and Computational Biology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089-1340, USA.
4 Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
*   These authors contributed equally to this work.

dagger    To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: oaparici{at}usc.edu

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