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Science 23 November 2001:
Vol. 294. no. 5547, pp. 1735 - 1739
DOI: 10.1126/science.1064571
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Reports

Priming of Memory But Not Effector CD8 T Cells by a Killed Bacterial Vaccine

Gregoire Lauvau,1* Sujata Vijh,2*dagger Philip Kong,2 Tiffany Horng,2 Kristen Kerksiek,2ddagger Natalya Serbina,1 Roman A. Tuma,1 Eric G. Pamer1§

Killed or inactivated vaccines targeting intracellular bacterial and protozoal pathogens are notoriously ineffective at generating protective immunity. For example, vaccination with heat-killed Listeria monocytogenes (HKLM) is not protective, although infection with live L. monocytogenes induces long-lived, CD8 T cell-mediated immunity. We demonstrate that HKLM immunization primes memory CD8 T lymphocyte populations that, although substantial in size, are ineffective at providing protection from subsequent L. monocytogenes infection. In contrast to live infection, which elicits large numbers of effector CD8 T cells, HKLM immunization primes T lymphocytes that do not acquire effector functions. Our studies show that it is possible to dissociate T cell-dependent protective immunity from memory T cell expansion, and that generation of effector T cells may be necessary for long-term protective immunity.

1 Infectious Disease Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, Immunology Program, Sloan-Kettering Institute, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA.
2 Section of Immunobiology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA.
*   These authors contributed equally to this work.

dagger    Present address: Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, 1600 East Gude Drive, Rockville, MD 20850, USA.

ddagger    Present address: LMU München, Institut für Immunologie, Goethestrasse 31, 803360 München, Germany.

§   To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: pamere{at}mskcc.org

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