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Science 26 October 2001:
Vol. 294. no. 5543, pp. 858 - 862
DOI: 10.1126/science.1065062
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Reports

An Abundant Class of Tiny RNAs with Probable Regulatory Roles in Caenorhabditis elegans

Nelson C. Lau, Lee P. Lim, Earl G. Weinstein, David P. Bartel*

Two small temporal RNAs (stRNAs), lin-4 and let-7, control developmental timing in Caenorhabditis elegans. We find that these two regulatory RNAs are members of a large class of 21- to 24-nucleotide noncoding RNAs, called microRNAs (miRNAs). We report on 55 previously unknown miRNAs in C. elegans. The miRNAs have diverse expression patterns during development: a let-7 paralog is temporally coexpressed with let-7; miRNAs encoded in a single genomic cluster are coexpressed during embryogenesis; and still other miRNAs are expressed constitutively throughout development. Potential orthologs of several of these miRNA genes were identified in Drosophila and human genomes. The abundance of these tiny RNAs, their expression patterns, and their evolutionary conservation imply that, as a class, miRNAs have broad regulatory functions in animals.

Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research, and Department of Biology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 9 Cambridge Center, Cambridge, MA 02142, USA.
*   To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: dbartel{at}wi.mit.edu

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