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Science 26 October 2001:
Vol. 294. no. 5543, pp. 849 - 852
DOI: 10.1126/science.1063447
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Reports

Comparative Genomics of Listeria Species

P. Glaser,1 L. Frangeul,1 C. Buchrieser,1 C. Rusniok,1 A. Amend,4 F. Baquero,5 P. Berche,6 H. Bloecker,7 P. Brandt,7 T. Chakraborty,4 A. Charbit,6 F. Chetouani,1 E. Couvé,1 A. de Daruvar,8 P. Dehoux,2 E. Domann,4 G. Domínguez-Bernal,9 E. Duchaud,1 L. Durant,6 O. Dussurget,2 K.-D. Entian,10 H. Fsihi,2 F. Garcia-Del Portillo,11 P. Garrido,9 L. Gautier,8 W. Goebel,12 N. Gómez-López,11 T. Hain,4 J. Hauf,10 D. Jackson,8 L.-M. Jones,3 U. Kaerst,7 J. Kreft,12 M. Kuhn,12 F. Kunst,1 G. Kurapkat,8 E. Madueño,11 A. Maitournam,1 J. Mata Vicente,5 E. Ng,12 H. Nedjari,1 G. Nordsiek,7 S. Novella,9 B. de Pablos,11 J.-C. Pérez-Diaz,5 R. Purcell,1 B. Remmel,8 M. Rose,10 T. Schlueter,8 N. Simoes,1 A. Tierrez,9 J.-A. Vázquez-Boland,9 H. Voss,8 J. Wehland,7 P. Cossart2*

Listeria monocytogenes is a food-borne pathogen with a high mortality rate that has also emerged as a paradigm for intracellular parasitism. We present and compare the genome sequences of L. monocytogenes (2,944,528 base pairs) and a nonpathogenic species, L. innocua (3,011,209 base pairs). We found a large number of predicted genes encoding surface and secreted proteins, transporters, and transcriptional regulators, consistent with the ability of both species to adapt to diverse environments. The presence of 270 L. monocytogenes and 149 L. innocua strain-specific genes (clustered in 100 and 63 islets, respectively) suggests that virulence in Listeria results from multiple gene acquisition and deletion events.

1 Génomique des Microorganismes Pathogènes,
2 Unité des Interactions Bactéries-Cellules,
3 Service d'Informatique Scientifique, Institut Pasteur, 25-28 rue du Dr. Roux, 75724 Paris, France.
4 Institute for Medical Microbiology, Frankfurterstrasse 107, D-35392 Giessen, Germany.
5 Servicio de Microbiologia, Hospital Ramon y Cajal, 28034 Madrid, Spain.
6 Unité INSERM U411, Faculté de Médecine Necker-Enfants Malades, 156 rue de Vaugirard, 75730 Paris, France.
7 Department of Cell Biology and Immunology, Gesellschaft für Biotechnologische Forschung (GBF)-Braunschweig, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany.
8 LION Bioscience AG, Im Neuenheimer Feld 517, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany,
9 Grupo de Patogénesis Molecular Bacteriana, Departamento Patología Animal I, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
10 Scientific Research and Development GmbH, D-61440 Oberursel, Germany.
11 Centro de Biologia Molecular "Severo Ochoa," Universidad Autonoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
12 TBI-Biozentrum, Lehrstuhl für Mikrobiologie, Universität Würzburg, D-97074 Würzburg, Germany.
*   To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: pcossart{at}pasteur.fr

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Rapid Discrimination of Listeria monocytogenes Strains by Microtemperature Gradient Gel Electrophoresis..
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   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Identification, subtyping and virulence determination of Listeria monocytogenes, an important foodborne pathogen.
D. Liu (2006)
J. Med. Microbiol. 55, 645-659
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How the Bacterial Pathogen Listeria monocytogenes Mediates the Switch from Environmental Dr. Jekyll to Pathogenic Mr. Hyde..
M. J. Gray, N. E. Freitag, and K. J. Boor (2006)
Infect. Immun. 74, 2505-2512
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Identification and Functional Characterization of the Lactococcus lactis CodY-Regulated Branched-Chain Amino Acid Permease BcaP (CtrA).
C. D. den Hengst, M. Groeneveld, O. P. Kuipers, and J. Kok (2006)
J. Bacteriol. 188, 3280-3289
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Bioenergetic Mechanism for Nisin Resistance, Induced by the Acid Tolerance Response of Listeria monocytogenes.
M. Bonnet, M. M. Rafi, M. L. Chikindas, and T. J. Montville (2006)
Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 72, 2556-2563
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Assessment of the Roles of LuxS, S-Ribosyl Homocysteine, and Autoinducer 2 in Cell Attachment during Biofilm Formation by Listeria monocytogenes EGD-e.
S. Challan Belval, L. Gal, S. Margiewes, D. Garmyn, P. Piveteau, and J. Guzzo (2006)
Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 72, 2644-2650
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Novel Luciferase Reporter System for In Vitro and Organ-Specific Monitoring of Differential Gene Expression in Listeria monocytogenes.
P. A. Bron, I. R. Monk, S. C. Corr, C. Hill, and C. G. M. Gahan (2006)
Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 72, 2876-2884
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Chromosome Evolution in the Thermotogales: Large-Scale Inversions and Strain Diversification of CRISPR Sequences..
R. T. DeBoy, E. F. Mongodin, J. B. Emerson, and K. E. Nelson (2006)
J. Bacteriol. 188, 2364-2374
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Sortases and the Art of Anchoring Proteins to the Envelopes of Gram-Positive Bacteria.
L. A. Marraffini, A. C. DeDent, and O. Schneewind (2006)
Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 70, 192-221
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13C isotopologue perturbation studies of Listeria monocytogenes carbon metabolism and its modulation by the virulence regulator PrfA.
W. Eisenreich, Jör. Slaghuis, R. Laupitz, J. Bussemer, J. Stritzker, C. Schwarz, R. Schwarz, T. Dandekar, W. Goebel, and A. Bacher (2006)
PNAS 103, 2040-2045
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Intracellular Gene Expression Profile of Listeria monocytogenes.
S. S. Chatterjee, H. Hossain, S. Otten, C. Kuenne, K. Kuchmina, S. Machata, E. Domann, T. Chakraborty, and T. Hain (2006)
Infect. Immun. 74, 1323-1338
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Bile salt biotransformations by human intestinal bacteria.
J. M. Ridlon, D.-J. Kang, and P. B. Hylemon (2006)
J. Lipid Res. 47, 241-259
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Identification of Listeria monocytogenes Genes Contributing to Intracellular Replication by Expression Profiling and Mutant Screening.
B. Joseph, K. Przybilla, C. Stuhler, K. Schauer, J. Slaghuis, T. M. Fuchs, and W. Goebel (2006)
J. Bacteriol. 188, 556-568
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CcpC-Dependent Regulation of citB and lmo0847 in Listeria monocytogenes.
H.-J. Kim, M. Mittal, and A. L. Sonenshein (2006)
J. Bacteriol. 188, 179-190
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LEGER: knowledge database and visualization tool for comparative genomics of pathogenic and non-pathogenic Listeria species.
G. Dieterich, U. Karst, E. Fischer, J. Wehland, and L. Jansch (2006)
Nucleic Acids Res. 34, D402-D406
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Simultaneous Deficiency of both MurA and p60 Proteins Generates a Rough Phenotype in Listeria monocytogenes.
S. Machata, T. Hain, M. Rohde, and T. Chakraborty (2005)
J. Bacteriol. 187, 8385-8394
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Select Listeria monocytogenes Subtypes Commonly Found in Foods Carry Distinct Nonsense Mutations in inlA, Leading to Expression of Truncated and Secreted Internalin A, and Are Associated with a Reduced Invasion Phenotype for Human Intestinal Epithelial Cells.
K. K. Nightingale, K. Windham, K. E. Martin, M. Yeung, and M. Wiedmann (2005)
Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 71, 8764-8772
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Nystatin Biosynthesis and Transport: nysH and nysG Genes Encoding a Putative ABC Transporter System in Streptomyces noursei ATCC 11455 Are Required for Efficient Conversion of 10-Deoxynystatin to Nystatin.
H. Sletta, S. E. F. Borgos, P. Bruheim, O. N. Sekurova, H. Grasdalen, R. Aune, T. E. Ellingsen, and S. B. Zotchev (2005)
Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 49, 4576-4583
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A prfA Transposon Mutant of Listeria monocytogenes F2365, a Serotype 4b Strain, Is Able To Survive in the Gastrointestinal Tract but Does Not Cause Systemic Infection of the Spleens and Livers of Intragastrically Inoculated Mice.
N. Faith, G. Uhlich, J. B. Luchansky, B. Neudeck, and C. Czuprynski (2005)
Infect. Immun. 73, 7517-7524
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Functional Consequences of Genome Evolution in Listeria monocytogenes: the lmo0423 and lmo0422 Genes Encode {sigma}C and LstR, a Lineage II-Specific Heat Shock System.
C. Zhang, J. Nietfeldt, M. Zhang, and A. K. Benson (2005)
J. Bacteriol. 187, 7243-7253
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Regulation of expression of type I signal peptidases in Listeria monocytogenes.
C. Raynaud and A. Charbit (2005)
Microbiology 151, 3769-3776
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YrxA Is the Transcriptional Regulator That Represses De Novo NAD Biosynthesis in Bacillus subtilis.
P. Rossolillo, I. Marinoni, E. Galli, A. Colosimo, and A. M. Albertini (2005)
J. Bacteriol. 187, 7155-7160
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Identification and Characterization of Di- and Tripeptide Transporter DtpT of Listeria monocytogenes EGD-e.
J. A. Wouters, T. Hain, A. Darji, E. Hufner, H. Wemekamp-Kamphuis, T. Chakraborty, and T. Abee (2005)
Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 71, 5771-5778
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LPXTG Protein InlJ, a Newly Identified Internalin Involved in Listeria monocytogenes Virulence.
C. Sabet, M. Lecuit, D. Cabanes, P. Cossart, and H. Bierne (2005)
Infect. Immun. 73, 6912-6922
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Surface Attachment of Listeria monocytogenes Is Induced by Sublethal Concentrations of Alcohol at Low Temperatures.
A. Gravesen, C. Lekkas, and S. Knochel (2005)
Appl. Envir. Microbiol. 71, 5601-5603
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