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Originally published in Science Express on 13 September 2001
Science 26 October 2001:
Vol. 294. no. 5543, pp. 818 - 823
DOI: 10.1126/science.1064574
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Research Articles

Biogeography and Ecological Setting of Indian Ocean Hydrothermal Vents

C. L. Van Dover,1* S. E. Humphris,2 D. Fornari,2 C. M. Cavanaugh,3 R. Collier,4 S. K. Goffredi,5 J. Hashimoto,6 M. D. Lilley,7 A. L. Reysenbach,8 T. M. Shank,9 K. L. Von Damm,10 A. Banta,8 R. M. Gallant,10 D. Götz,8 D. Green,11 J. Hall,12 T. L. Harmer,2 L. A. Hurtado,5 P. Johnson,13 Z. P. McKiness,2 C. Meredith,3 E. Olson,7 I. L. Pan,5 M. Turnipseed,1 Y. Won,5 C. R. Young III,5 R. C. Vrijenhoek5

Within the endemic invertebrate faunas of hydrothermal vents, five biogeographic provinces are recognized. Invertebrates at two Indian Ocean vent fields (Kairei and Edmond) belong to a sixth province, despite ecological settings and invertebrate-bacterial symbioses similar to those of both western Pacific and Atlantic vents. Most organisms found at these Indian Ocean vent fields have evolutionary affinities with western Pacific vent faunas, but a shrimp that ecologically dominates Indian Ocean vents closely resembles its Mid-Atlantic counterpart. These findings contribute to a global assessment of the biogeography of chemosynthetic faunas and indicate that the Indian Ocean vent community follows asymmetric assembly rules biased toward Pacific evolutionary alliances.

1 Biology Department, College of William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA 23187, USA.
2 Geology and Geophysics Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA.
3 Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA.
4 College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
5 Monterey Bay Aquarium Research Institute, 7700 Sandholdt Road, Moss Landing, CA 95039, USA.
6 Japan Marine Science and Technology Center, Yokosuka, Kanagawa 237-0061, Japan.
7 School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
8 Biology Department, Portland State University, Portland, OR 97201, USA.
9 Biology Department, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA.
10 Institute for the Study of Earth, Oceans, and Space, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824, USA.
11 Southampton Oceanography Center, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
12 Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA.
13 University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA.
*   To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: cindy_vandover{at}wm.edu

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