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Science 7 September 2001:
Vol. 293. no. 5536, pp. 1845 - 1848
DOI: 10.1126/science.1060976
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Reports
Control of Octopus Arm Extension by a Peripheral Motor Program
German Sumbre,1
Yoram Gutfreund,1*
Graziano Fiorito,2
Tamar Flash,3
Binyamin Hochner1
For goal-directed arm movements, the nervous
system generates a sequence of motor commands that bring the arm toward
the target. Control of the octopus arm is especially complex because
the arm can be moved in any direction, with a virtually infinite number of degrees of freedom. Here we show that arm extensions can be evoked
mechanically or electrically in arms whose connection with the brain
has been severed. These extensions show kinematic features that are
almost identical to normal behavior, suggesting that the basic motor
program for voluntary movement is embedded within the neural circuitry
of the arm itself. Such peripheral motor programs represent
considerable simplification in the motor control of this highly
redundant appendage.
1 Department of Neurobiology and
Interdisciplinary Center for Neuronal Computation, Institute of Life
Sciences, Hebrew University, Jerusalem 91904, Israel.
2 Laboratorio di Neurobiologia, Stazione Zoologica
di Napoli "A. Dohrn," Naples 80121, Italy.
3 Department of Computer Science and Applied
Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
*
Present address: Department of Neurobiology, Stanford University
School of Medicine Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
To whom correspondence should be addressed:
E-mail: bennyh{at}lobster.ls.huji.ac.il
Read the Full Text
THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
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- Patterns of Motor Activity in the Isolated Nerve Cord of the Octopus Arm.
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- The Octopus: A Model for a Comparative Analysis of the Evolution of Learning and Memory Mechanisms.
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- Underwater Bipedal Locomotion by Octopuses in Disguise.
- C. L. Huffard, F. Boneka, and R. J. Full (2005)
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- Ionic Currents Underlying Fast Action Potentials in the Obliquely Striated Muscle Cells of the Octopus Arm.
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