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Science 24 August 2001:
Vol. 293. no. 5534, pp. 1503 - 1506
DOI: 10.1126/science.1061548
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Reports

Selective Transcription and Modulation of Resting T Cell Activity by Preintegrated HIV DNA

Yuntao Wu, Jon W. Marsh*

The quiescent nature of most peripheral T cells poses an effective limitation to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) replication and, in particular, to viral integration into the host chromatin. Two HIV proteins, Nef and Tat, increase T cell activity, but a requirement of integration for viral gene expression would preclude a role for these proteins in resting cells. Here, we report that HIV infection leads to selective transcription of the nef and tat genes before integration. This preintegration transcription in quiescent cells leads to increased T cell activation and viral replication.

Laboratory of Molecular Biology, National Institute of Mental Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-4034, USA.
*   To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: jon{at}codon.nih.gov

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M. Lucchiari-Hartz, V. Lindo, N. Hitziger, S. Gaedicke, L. Saveanu, P. M. van Endert, F. Greer, K. Eichmann, and G. Niedermann (2003)
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H. Donaghy, B. Gazzard, F. Gotch, and S. Patterson (2003)
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S. Priet, J.-M. Navarro, G. Querat, and J. Sire (2003)
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   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 (HIV-1) Vpr Enhances Expression from Unintegrated HIV-1 DNA.
B. Poon and I. S. Y. Chen (2003)
J. Virol. 77, 3962-3972
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HIV Envelope Induces Virus Expression from Resting CD4+ T Cells Isolated from HIV-Infected Individuals in the Absence of Markers of Cellular Activation or Apoptosis.
A. L. Kinter, C. A. Umscheid, J. Arthos, C. Cicala, Y. Lin, R. Jackson, E. Donoghue, L. Ehler, J. Adelsberger, R. L. Rabin, et al. (2003)
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E. Olivetta, Z. Percario, G. Fiorucci, G. Mattia, I. Schiavoni, C. Dennis, J. Jager, M. Harris, G. Romeo, E. Affabris, et al. (2003)
J. Immunol. 170, 1716-1727
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
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J. Capodici, K. Kariko, and D. Weissman (2002)
J. Immunol. 169, 5196-5201
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A. Michienzi, S. Li, J. A. Zaia, and J. J. Rossi (2002)
PNAS 99, 14047-14052
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S. Opi, J.-M. Peloponese Jr., D. Esquieu, G. Campbell, J. de Mareuil, A. Walburger, M. Solomiac, C. Gregoire, E. Bouveret, D. L. Yirrell, et al. (2002)
J. Biol. Chem. 277, 35915-35919
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 p12I Expression Increases Cytoplasmic Calcium To Enhance the Activation of Nuclear Factor of Activated T Cells.
W. Ding, B. Albrecht, R. E. Kelley, N. Muthusamy, S.-J. Kim, R. A. Altschuld, and M. D. Lairmore (2002)
J. Virol. 76, 10374-10382
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Critical Role of Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 Accessory Proteins in Viral Replication and Pathogenesis.
B. Albrecht and M. D. Lairmore (2002)
Microbiol. Mol. Biol. Rev. 66, 396-406
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Subunit H of the V-ATPase Binds to the Medium Chain of Adaptor Protein Complex 2 and Connects Nef to the Endocytic Machinery.
M. Geyer, H. Yu, R. Mandic, T. Linnemann, Y.-H. Zheng, O. T. Fackler, and B. M. Peterlin (2002)
J. Biol. Chem. 277, 28521-28529
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Highly Pathogenic Simian Immunodeficiency Virus mne Variants That Emerge during the Course of Infection Evolve Enhanced Infectivity and the Ability To Downregulate CD4 but Not Class I Major Histocompatibility Complex Antigens.
P. G. Patel, M. T. Yu Kimata, J. E. Biggins, J. M. Wilson, and J. T. Kimata (2002)
J. Virol. 76, 6425-6434
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Modulation of Human Immunodeficiency Virus 1 Replication by Interferon Regulatory Factors.
M. Sgarbanti, A. Borsetti, N. Moscufo, M. C. Bellocchi, B. Ridolfi, F. Nappi, G. Marsili, G. Marziali, E. M. Coccia, B. Ensoli, et al. (2002)
J. Exp. Med. 195, 1359-1370
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Nef-Mediated Downregulation of CD4 Enhances Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 1 Replication in Primary T Lymphocytes.
C. A. Lundquist, M. Tobiume, J. Zhou, D. Unutmaz, and C. Aiken (2002)
J. Virol. 76, 4625-4633
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Activation of Nuclear Factor of Activated T Cells by Human T-Lymphotropic Virus Type 1 Accessory Protein p12I.
B. Albrecht, C. D. D'Souza, W. Ding, S. Tridandapani, K. M. Coggeshall, and M. D. Lairmore (2002)
J. Virol. 76, 3493-3501
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
HIV Nef Increases T Cell ERK MAP Kinase Activity.
J. A. Schrager, V. Der Minassian, and J. W. Marsh (2002)
J. Biol. Chem. 277, 6137-6142
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
HIV Pathogenesis and Activation of CD4 Cells.
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AIDS Clinical Care 2001, 6
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