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Science 10 August 2001:
Vol. 293. no. 5532, pp. 1150 - 1155
DOI: 10.1126/science.1064150
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Reports

Transitions in Distinct Histone H3 Methylation Patterns at the Heterochromatin Domain Boundaries

Ken-ichi Noma,1 C. David Allis,2 Shiv I. S. Grewal1*

Eukaryotic genomes are organized into discrete structural and functional chromatin domains. Here, we show that distinct site-specific histone H3 methylation patterns define euchromatic and heterochromatic chromosomal domains within a 47-kilobase region of the mating-type locus in fission yeast. H3 methylated at lysine 9 (H3 Lys9), and its interacting Swi6 protein, are strictly localized to a 20-kilobase silent heterochromatic interval. In contrast, H3 methylated at lysine 4 (H3 Lys4) is specific to the surrounding euchromatic regions. Two inverted repeats flanking the silent interval serve as boundary elements to mark the borders between heterochromatin and euchromatin. Deletions of these boundary elements lead to spreading of H3 Lys9 methylation and Swi6 into neighboring sequences. Furthermore, the H3 Lys9 methylation and corresponding heterochromatin-associated complexes prevent H3 Lys4 methylation in the silent domain.

1 Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Post Office Box 100, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA.
2 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia Health Science Center, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
*   To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: grewal{at}cshl.org

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N. J. Kubat, R. K. Tran, P. McAnany, and D. C. Bloom (2004)
J. Virol. 78, 1139-1149
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Comparative Analysis of an Orthologous Proteomic Environment in the Yeasts Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Schizosaccharomyces pombe.
A. Roguev, A. Shevchenko, D. Schaft, H. Thomas, A. F. Stewart, and A. Shevchenko (2004)
Mol. Cell. Proteomics 3, 125-132
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Trilogies of Histone Lysine Methylation as Epigenetic Landmarks of the Eukaryotic Genome.
M. LACHNER, R. SENGUPTA, G. SCHOTTA, and T. JENUWEIN (2004)
Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 69, 209-218
   Abstract »    PDF »
RNA Interference and Epigenetic Control of Heterochromatin Assembly in Fission Yeast.
H. CAM and S.I.S. GREWAL (2004)
Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol 69, 419-428
   Abstract »    PDF »
The c-myc Insulator Element and Matrix Attachment Regions Define the c-myc Chromosomal Domain.
W. M. Gombert, S. D. Farris, E. D. Rubio, K. M. Morey-Rosler, W. H. Schubach, and A. Krumm (2003)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 23, 9338-9348
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Promoter-restricted H3 Lys 4 di-methylation is an epigenetic mark for monoallelic expression.
C. Rougeulle, P. Navarro, and P. Avner (2003)
Hum. Mol. Genet. 12, 3343-3348
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Histone Code Regulating Expression of the Imprinted Mouse Igf2r Gene.
Y. Yang, T. Li, T. H. Vu, G. A. Ulaner, J.-F. Hu, and A. R. Hoffman (2003)
Endocrinology 144, 5658-5670
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Gene Silencing in Cancer in Association with Promoter Hypermethylation.
J. G. Herman and S. B. Baylin (2003)
N. Engl. J. Med. 349, 2042-2054
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Inactivation of a Histone Methyltransferase by Mutations in Human Cancers.
K.-C. Kim, L. Geng, and S. Huang (2003)
Cancer Res. 63, 7619-7623
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Testing the position-effect variegation hypothesis for facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy by analysis of histone modification and gene expression in subtelomeric 4q.
G. Jiang, F. Yang, P. G. M. van Overveld, V. Vedanarayanan, S. van der Maarel, and M. Ehrlich (2003)
Hum. Mol. Genet. 12, 2909-2921
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Effect of the Suppressor of Underreplication (SuUR) Gene on Position-Effect Variegation Silencing in Drosophila melanogaster.
E. S. Belyaeva, L. V. Boldyreva, E. I. Volkova, R. A. Nanayev, A. A. Alekseyenko, and I. F. Zhimulev (2003)
Genetics 165, 1209-1220
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Transcriptional activation via sequential histone H2B ubiquitylation and deubiquitylation, mediated by SAGA-associated Ubp8.
K. W. Henry, A. Wyce, W.-S. Lo, L. J. Duggan, N.C. T. Emre, C.-F. Kao, L. Pillus, A. Shilatifard, M. A. Osley, and S. L. Berger (2003)
Genes & Dev. 17, 2648-2663
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The eukaryotic genome: a system regulated at different hierarchical levels.
R. van Driel, P. F. Fransz, and P. J. Verschure (2003)
J. Cell Sci. 116, 4067-4075
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Antigen receptor loci poised for V(D)J rearrangement are broadly associated with BRG1 and flanked by peaks of histone H3 dimethylated at lysine 4.
K. B. Morshead, D. N. Ciccone, S. D. Taverna, C. D. Allis, and M. A. Oettinger (2003)
PNAS 100, 11577-11582
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »


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