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Science 13 July 2001:
Vol. 293. no. 5528, pp. 283 - 287
DOI: 10.1126/science.1062517
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Reports
Freshwater Forcing of Abrupt Climate Change During the Last Glaciation
Peter U. Clark,1*
Shawn J. Marshall,2
Garry K. C. Clarke,3
Steven W. Hostetler,4
Joseph M. Licciardi,1
James T. Teller5
Large millennial-scale fluctuations of the southern
margin of the North American Laurentide Ice Sheet occurred during the last deglaciation, when the margin was located between about 43° and
49°N. Fluctuations of the ice margin triggered episodic increases in
the flux of freshwater to the North Atlantic by rerouting continental runoff from the Mississippi River drainage to the Hudson or St. Lawrence Rivers. We found that periods of increased freshwater flow to
the North Atlantic occurred at the same time as reductions in the
formation of North Atlantic Deep Water, thus providing a mechanism for
observed climate variability that may be generally characteristic of
times of intermediate global ice volume.
1 Department of Geosciences, Oregon State
University, Corvallis, OR 97333, USA.
2 Department
of Geography, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, Canada.
3 Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences, University
of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6T 1Z4, Canada.
4 U.S. Geological Survey, Department of Geosciences,
Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
5 Department of Geological Sciences, University of
Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada.
*
To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
clarkp{at}ucs.orst.edu
Present address: Department of Marine Chemistry and
Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA
02543, USA.
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