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Science 11 May 2001:
Vol. 292. no. 5519, pp. 1119 - 1122
DOI: 10.1126/science.1058830
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Factors That Alter Rumen Microbial Ecology
James B. Russell,1*
Jennifer
L. Rychlik2
Ruminant animals and ruminal microorganisms have a symbiotic
relationship that facilitates fiber digestion, but domestic ruminants in developed countries are often fed an abundance of grain and little
fiber. When ruminants are fed fiber-deficient rations, physiological
mechanisms of homeostasis are disrupted, ruminal pH declines, microbial
ecology is altered, and the animal becomes more susceptible to
metabolic disorders and, in some cases, infectious disease. Some
disorders can be counteracted by feed additives (for example,
antibiotics and buffers), but these additives can alter the composition
of the ruminal ecosystem even further.
1 Agricultural Research Service, U.S.
Department of Agriculture,
2 Department of
Microbiology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853, USA.
*
To whom correspondence should be addressed.
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