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Science 12 January 2001:
Vol. 291. no. 5502, pp. 266 - 269
DOI: 10.1126/science.291.5502.266
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Review

Electron Spin Resonance in Studies of Membranes and Proteins

P. P. Borbat,1 A. J. Costa-Filho,1 K. A. Earle,1 J. K. Moscicki,12 J. H. Freed1*

We provide a review of current electron spin resonance (ESR) techniques for studying basic molecular mechanisms in membranes and proteins by using nitroxide spin labels. In particular, nitroxide spin label studies with high-field/high-frequency ESR and two-dimensional Fourier transform ESR enable one to accurately determine distances in biomolecules, unravel the details of the complex dynamics in proteins, characterize the dynamic structure of membrane domains, and discriminate between bulk lipids and boundary lipids that coat transmembrane peptides or proteins; these studies can also provide time resolution to studies of functional dynamics of proteins. We illustrate these capabilities with recent examples.

1 Baker Laboratory of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853-1301, USA.
2 Smoluchowski Institute of Physics, Jagellonian University, Ulica Reymonta 4, 30-059 Krakow, Poland.
*   To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: jhf{at}ccmr.cornell.edu

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