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Disruption of Signaling by Yersinia Effector YopJ, a Ubiquitin-Like Protein Protease
Kim Orth,1Zhaohui Xu,1Mary
Beth Mudgett,2Zhao Qin Bao,1Lance E. Palmer,3James B. Bliska,3Walter F. Mangel,4Brian Staskawicz,2Jack E. Dixon1*
Homologs of the Yersinia virulence effector YopJ are
found in both plant and animal bacterial pathogens, as well as plantsymbionts. These YopJ family members were shown to act as cysteineproteases. The catalytic triad of the protease was required forinhibition of the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) andnuclear
factor B (NF-B) signaling in animal cells and for inductionof
localized cell death in plants. The substrates for YopJ wereshown to
be highly conserved ubiquitin-like molecules, which arecovalently
added to numerous regulatory proteins. YopJ familymembers exert their
pathogenic effect on cells by disrupting thisposttranslational
modification.
1 Department of Biological Chemistry,
University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0606, USA.
2 Department of Plant and Microbial Biology,
University of California Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720-3102, USA.
3 Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology,
School of Medicine, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony
Brook, New York 11794-5222, USA.
4 Department of
Biology, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY 11973-5000, USA.
*
To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
jedixon{at}umich.edu
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