Note to users. If you're seeing this message, it means that your browser cannot find this page's style/presentation instructions -- or possibly that you are using a browser that does not support current Web standards. Find out more about why this message is appearing, and what you can do to make your experience of our site the best it can be.

Site Tools

  • AAAS
  • Subscribe
  • Feedback

Site Search

Search Advanced

Science 3 November 2000:
Vol. 290. no. 5493, pp. 982 - 984
DOI: 10.1126/science.290.5493.982
Prev | Table of Contents | Next

Reports

A Basal Transcription Factor That Activates or Represses Transcription

Patricia J. Willy,1 Ryuji Kobayashi,2 James T. Kadonaga1*

We have identified an activity that is required for transcription of downstream promoter element (DPE)-containing core promoters in vitro. The purified factor was found to be the Drosophila homolog of the transcriptional repressor known as NC2 or Dr1-Drap1. Purified recombinant dNC2 activates DPE-driven promoters and represses TATA-driven promoters. A mutant version of dNC2 can activate DPE promoters but is unable to repress TATA promoters. Thus, the activation and repression functions are distinct. These studies reveal that NC2 (Dr1-Drap1) is a bifunctional basal transcription factor that differentially regulates gene transcription through DPE or TATA box motifs.

1 Section of Molecular Biology and Center for Molecular Genetics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0347, USA.
2 Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Post Office Box 100, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, USA.
*   To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: jkadonaga{at}ucsd.edu

Read the Full Text


THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
Regulation of Nuclear Import and Export of Negative Cofactor 2.
J. Kahle, E. Piaia, S. Neimanis, M. Meisterernst, and D. Doenecke (2009)
J. Biol. Chem. 284, 9382-9393
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
TFIIB Recognition Elements Control the TFIIA-NC2 Axis in Transcriptional Regulation.
W. Deng, B. Malecova, T. Oelgeschlager, and S. G. E. Roberts (2009)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 29, 1389-1400
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Human ATAC Is a GCN5/PCAF-containing Acetylase Complex with a Novel NC2-like Histone Fold Module That Interacts with the TATA-binding Protein.
Y.-L. Wang, F. Faiola, M. Xu, S. Pan, and E. Martinez (2008)
J. Biol. Chem. 283, 33808-33815
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Site-specific cross-linking of TBP in vivo and in vitro reveals a direct functional interaction with the SAGA subunit Spt3.
N. Mohibullah and S. Hahn (2008)
Genes & Dev. 22, 2994-3006
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Function and Structural Organization of Mot1 Bound to a Natural Target Promoter.
R. O. Sprouse, I. Shcherbakova, H. Cheng, E. Jamison, M. Brenowitz, and D. T. Auble (2008)
J. Biol. Chem. 283, 24935-24948
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
TBP, Mot1, and NC2 establish a regulatory circuit that controls DPE-dependent versus TATA-dependent transcription.
J.-Y. Hsu, T. Juven-Gershon, M. T. Marr II, K. J. Wright, R. Tjian, and J. T. Kadonaga (2008)
Genes & Dev. 22, 2353-2358
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Cooperative action of NC2 and Mot1p to regulate TATA-binding protein function across the genome.
F. J. van Werven, H. van Bakel, H. A.A.M. van Teeffelen, A.F. M. Altelaar, M. G. Koerkamp, A. J.R. Heck, F. C.P. Holstege, and H.Th. M. Timmers (2008)
Genes & Dev. 22, 2359-2369
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The dual control of TFIIB recruitment by NC2 is gene specific.
P. Masson, E. Leimgruber, S. Creton, and M. A. Collart (2008)
Nucleic Acids Res. 36, 539-549
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Initiator Core Promoter Element Antagonizes Repression of TATA-directed Transcription by Negative Cofactor NC2.
B. Malecova, P. Gross, M. Boyer-Guittaut, S. Yavuz, and T. Oelgeschlager (2007)
J. Biol. Chem. 282, 24767-24776
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Global distribution of negative cofactor 2 subunit-{alpha} on human promoters.
T. K. Albert, K. Grote, S. Boeing, G. Stelzer, A. Schepers, and M. Meisterernst (2007)
PNAS 104, 10000-10005
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Functional Characterization of Core Promoter Elements: the Downstream Core Element Is Recognized by TAF1.
D.-H. Lee, N. Gershenzon, M. Gupta, I. P. Ioshikhes, D. Reinberg, and B. A. Lewis (2005)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 25, 9674-9686
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
ATG deserts define a novel core promoter subclass.
M. P. Lee, K. Howcroft, A. Kotekar, H. H. Yang, K. H. Buetow, and D. S. Singer (2005)
Genome Res. 15, 1189-1197
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Differential Involvement of Calmodulin-dependent Protein Kinase II-activated AP-1 and c-Jun N-terminal Kinase-activated EGR-1 Signaling Pathways in Tumor Necrosis Factor-{alpha} and Lipopolysaccharide-induced CD44 Expression in Human Monocytic Cells.
J. P. Mishra, S. Mishra, K. Gee, and A. Kumar (2005)
J. Biol. Chem. 280, 26825-26837
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Efficient Binding of NC2{middle dot}TATA-binding Protein to DNA in the Absence of TATA.
S. Gilfillan, G. Stelzer, E. Piaia, M. G. Hofmann, and M. Meisterernst (2005)
J. Biol. Chem. 280, 6222-6230
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
NC2{alpha} Interacts with BTAF1 and Stimulates Its ATP-Dependent Association with TATA-Binding Protein.
M. P. Klejman, L. A. Pereira, H. J. T. van Zeeburg, S. Gilfillan, M. Meisterernst, and H. T. M. Timmers (2004)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 24, 10072-10082
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Regulation of the Cell Type-specific Dentin Sialophosphoprotein Gene Expression in Mouse Odontoblasts by a Novel Transcription Repressor and an Activator CCAAT-binding Factor.
S. Chen, A. Unterbrink, S. Kadapakkam, J. Dong, T. T. Gu, J. Dickson, H.-H. Chuang, and M. MacDougall (2004)
J. Biol. Chem. 279, 42182-42191
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Human potassium chloride cotransporter 1 (SLC12A4) promoter is regulated by AP-2 and contains a functional downstream promoter element.
G.-P. Zhou, C. Wong, R. Su, S. C. Crable, K. P. Anderson, and P. G. Gallagher (2004)
Blood 103, 4302-4309
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Identification of a Novel TATA Element-binding Protein Binding Region at the N Terminus of the Saccharomyces cerevisiae TAF1 Protein.
S. Takahata, H. Ryu, K. Ohtsuki, K. Kasahara, M. Kawaichi, and T. Kokubo (2003)
J. Biol. Chem. 278, 45888-45902
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Characterization of the human {beta}-globin downstream promoter region.
K. M. Leach, K. F. Vieira, S.-H. L. Kang, A. Aslanian, M. Teichmann, R. G. Roeder, and J. Bungert (2003)
Nucleic Acids Res. 31, 1292-1301
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Hypoxia Actively Represses Transcription by Inducing Negative Cofactor 2 (Dr1/DrAP1) and Blocking Preinitiation Complex Assembly.
N. Denko, K. Wernke-Dollries, A. B. Johnson, E. Hammond, C.-M. Chiang, and M. C. Barton (2003)
J. Biol. Chem. 278, 5744-5749
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The NF-YB/NF-YC Structure Gives Insight into DNA Binding and Transcription Regulation by CCAAT Factor NF-Y.
C. Romier, F. Cocchiarella, R. Mantovani, and D. Moras (2003)
J. Biol. Chem. 278, 1336-1345
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The NC2 alpha and beta subunits play different roles in vivo.
S. Creton, J. Q. Svejstrup, and M. A. Collart (2002)
Genes & Dev. 16, 3265-3276
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Inhibition of Excess Nodal Signaling During Mouse Gastrulation by the Transcriptional Corepressor DRAP1.
R. Iratni, Y.-T. Yan, C. Chen, J. Ding, Y. Zhang, S. M. Price, D. Reinberg, and M. M. Shen (2002)
Science 298, 1996-1999
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Mot1 Associates with Transcriptionally Active Promoters and Inhibits Association of NC2 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
J. V. Geisberg, Z. Moqtaderi, L. Kuras, and K. Struhl (2002)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 22, 8122-8134
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The RNA polymerase II core promoter: a key component in the regulation of gene expression.
J. E.F. Butler and J. T. Kadonaga (2002)
Genes & Dev. 16, 2583-2592
   Full Text »    PDF »
Sp1 and AP2 regulate but do not constitute TATA-less human TAFII55 core promoter activity.
T. Zhou and C.-M. Chiang (2002)
Nucleic Acids Res. 30, 4145-4157
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Direct stimulation of transcription by negative cofactor 2 (NC2) through TATA-binding protein (TBP).
Y. Cang and G. Prelich (2002)
PNAS 99, 12727-12732
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
SALSA, a variant of yeast SAGA, contains truncated Spt7, which correlates with activated transcription.
D. E. Sterner, R. Belotserkovskaya, and S. L. Berger (2002)
PNAS 99, 11622-11627
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Selective down-regulation of tyrosinase family gene TYRP1 by inhibition of the activity of melanocyte transcription factor, MITF.
D. Fang, Y. Tsuji, and V. Setaluri (2002)
Nucleic Acids Res. 30, 3096-3106
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Novel Intragenic Sequence Enhances Initiator-dependent Transcription in Human Embryonic Kidney 293 Cells.
C. Abrescia, E. De Gregorio, M. Frontini, R. Mantovani, and P. Di Nocera (2002)
J. Biol. Chem. 277, 19594-19599
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Developmental specificity of recruitment of TBP to the TATA box of the human gamma -globin gene.
Z.-J. Duan, X. Fang, A. Rohde, H. Han, G. Stamatoyannopoulos, and Q. Li (2002)
PNAS 99, 5509-5514
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Functional Dissection of a Rice Dr1/DrAp1 Transcriptional Repression Complex.
W. Song, H. Solimeo, R. A. Rupert, N. S. Yadav, and Q. Zhu (2002)
PLANT CELL 14, 181-195
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
New Molecular Phenotypes in the dst Mutants of Arabidopsis Revealed by DNA Microarray Analysis.
M. A. Perez-Amador, P. Lidder, M. A. Johnson, J. Landgraf, E. Wisman, and P. J. Green (2001)
PLANT CELL 13, 2703-2717
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Core promoters: active contributors to combinatorial gene regulation.
S. T. Smale (2001)
Genes & Dev. 15, 2503-2508
   Full Text »    PDF »
Enhancer-promoter specificity mediated by DPE or TATA core promoter motifs.
J. E.F. Butler and J. T. Kadonaga (2001)
Genes & Dev. 15, 2515-2519
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Yeast NC2 Associates with the RNA Polymerase II Preinitiation Complex and Selectively Affects Transcription In Vivo.
J. V. Geisberg, F. C. Holstege, R. A. Young, and K. Struhl (2001)
Mol. Cell. Biol. 21, 2736-2742
   Abstract »    Full Text »
Requirement for Yeast TAF145 Function in Transcriptional Activation of the RPS5 Promoter That Depends on Both Core Promoter Structure and Upstream Activating Sequences.
Y. Tsukihashi, M. Kawaichi, and T. Kokubo (2001)
J. Biol. Chem. 276, 25715-25726
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Intronless and TATA-less Human TAFII55 Gene Contains a Functional Initiator and a Downstream Promoter Element.
T. Zhou and CM Chiang (2001)
J. Biol. Chem. 276, 25503-25511
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Fluorescence-based Analyses of the Effects of Full-length Recombinant TAF130p on the Interaction of TATA Box-binding Protein with TATA Box DNA.
U. Banik, J. M. Beechem, E. Klebanow, S. Schroeder, and P. A. Weil (2001)
J. Biol. Chem. 276, 49100-49109
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »


To Advertise     Find Products

Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)