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Science 27 October 2000:
Vol. 290. no. 5492, pp. 750 - 754
DOI: 10.1126/science.290.5492.750
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Review

Signal-Processing Machines at the Postsynaptic Density

Mary B. Kennedy

Dendrites of individual neurons in the vertebrate central nervous system are contacted by thousands of synaptic terminals relaying information about the environment. The postsynaptic membrane at each synaptic terminal is the first place where information is processed as it converges on the dendrite. At the postsynaptic membrane of excitatory synapses, neurotransmitter receptors are attached to large protein "signaling machines" that delicately regulate the strength of synaptic transmission. These machines are visible in the electron microscope and are called the postsynaptic density. By changing synaptic strength in response to neural activity, the postsynaptic density contributes to information processing and the formation of memories.

Division of Biology, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA 91125, USA. E-mail: kennedym{at}its.caltech.edu

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Spatial and Temporal Regulation of Ca2+/Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II Activity in Developing Neurons.
A. Menegon, C. Verderio, C. Leoni, F. Benfenati, A. J. Czernik, P. Greengard, M. Matteoli, and F. Valtorta (2002)
J. Neurosci. 22, 7016-7026
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Rapidly Exchanging Ca2+ Stores: Ubiquitous Partners of Surface Channels in Neurons.
J. Meldolesi (2002)
Physiology 17, 144-149
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Postsynaptic Targeting of Alternative Postsynaptic Density-95 Isoforms by Distinct Mechanisms.
D. M. Chetkovich, R. C. Bunn, S.-H. Kuo, Y. Kawasaki, M. Kohwi, and D. S. Bredt (2002)
J. Neurosci. 22, 6415-6425
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Phosphorylation of the Postsynaptic Density-95 (PSD-95)/Discs Large/Zona Occludens-1 Binding Site of Stargazin Regulates Binding to PSD-95 and Synaptic Targeting of AMPA Receptors.
D. M. Chetkovich, L. Chen, T. J. Stocker, R. A. Nicoll, and D. S. Bredt (2002)
J. Neurosci. 22, 5791-5796
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Cross signaling, cell specificity, and physiology.
J. E. Dumont, S. Dremier, I. Pirson, and C. Maenhaut (2002)
Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 283, C2-C28
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Association of the Kinesin Superfamily Motor Protein KIF1Balpha with Postsynaptic Density-95 (PSD-95), Synapse-Associated Protein-97, and Synaptic Scaffolding Molecule PSD-95/Discs Large/Zona Occludens-1 Proteins.
H. Mok, H. Shin, S. Kim, J.-R. Lee, J. Yoon, and E. Kim (2002)
J. Neurosci. 22, 5253-5258
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor 1-Induced Upregulation of NMDA Receptor Current: Mediation through the Pyk2/Src-Family Kinase Pathway in Cortical Neurons.
V. Heidinger, P. Manzerra, X. Q. Wang, U. Strasser, S.-P. Yu, D. W. Choi, and M. M. Behrens (2002)
J. Neurosci. 22, 5452-5461
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Homer as Both a Scaffold and Transduction Molecule.
L. Fagni, P. F. Worley, and F. Ango (2002)
Sci. STKE 2002, re8
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Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase II Contributes to Spinal Cord Central Sensitization.
L. Fang, J. Wu, Q. Lin, and W. D. Willis (2002)
J. Neurosci. 22, 4196-4204
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Rapid Synaptic Remodeling by Protein Kinase C: Reciprocal Translocation of NMDA Receptors and Calcium/Calmodulin-Dependent Kinase II.
D. K. Fong, A. Rao, F. T. Crump, and A. M. Craig (2002)
J. Neurosci. 22, 2153-2164
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Mechanism and role of PDZ domains in signaling complex assembly.
B. Z. Harris and W. A. Lim (2002)
J. Cell Sci. 114, 3219-3231
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REELIN and Schizophrenia:: A Disease at the Interface of the Genome and the Epigenome.
E. Costa, Y. Chen, J. Davis, E. Dong, J.S. Noh, L. Tremolizzo, M. Veldic, D.R. Grayson, and A. Guidotti (2002)
Mol. Interv. 2, 47-57
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The postsynaptic density and dendritic raft localization of PSD-Zip70, which contains an N-myristoylation sequence and leucine-zipper motifs.
D. Konno, J.-A. Ko, S. Usui, K. Hori, H. Maruoka, M. Inui, T. Fujikado, Y. Tano, T. Suzuki, K. Tohyama, et al. (2002)
J. Cell Sci. 115, 4695-4706
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