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Science 23 June 2000:
Vol. 288. no. 5474, pp. 2222 - 2226
DOI: 10.1126/science.288.5474.2222
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Reports

A Primitive T Cell-Independent Mechanism of Intestinal Mucosal IgA Responses to Commensal Bacteria

Andrew J. Macpherson, 1* Dominique Gatto, 1 Elizabeth Sainsbury, 2 Gregory R. Harriman, 3 Hans Hengartner, 1 Rolf M. Zinkernagel 1

The immunoglobulin A (IgA) is produced to defend mucosal surfaces from environmental organisms, but host defenses against the very heavy load of intestinal commensal microorganisms are poorly understood. The IgA against intestinal commensal bacterial antigens was analyzed; it was not simply "natural antibody" but was specifically induced and responded to antigenic changes within an established gut flora. In contrast to IgA responses against exotoxins, a significant proportion of this specific anti-commensal IgA induction was through a pathway that was independent of T cell help and of follicular lymphoid tissue organization, which may reflect an evolutionarily primitive form of specific immune defense.

1 Institute of Experimental Immunology, Universitätsspital, Schmelzbergstrasse 12, CH8091, Zürich, Switzerland.
2 GKT School of Medicine, Bessemer Road, London SE5 9PJ, UK.
3 Centocor, 200 Great Valley Parkway, Malvern, PA 19355, USA.
*   To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: amacpher{at}pathol.unizh.ch

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