Note to users. If you're seeing this message, it means that your browser cannot find this page's style/presentation instructions -- or possibly that you are using a browser that does not support current Web standards. Find out more about why this message is appearing, and what you can do to make your experience of our site the best it can be.
Science Signaling - Call For Papers

Site Tools

  • AAAS
  • Subscribe
  • Feedback

Site Search

Search Advanced

Science 3 December 1999:
Vol. 286. no. 5446, pp. 1962 - 1965
DOI: 10.1126/science.286.5446.1962
Prev | Table of Contents | Next

Reports

Activation Tagging of the Floral Inducer FT

Igor Kardailsky, 12*dagger Vipula K. Shukla, 1*ddagger Ji Hoon Ahn, 1* Nicole Dagenais, 1 Sioux K. Christensen, 1 Jasmine T. Nguyen, 1§ Joanne Chory, 13 Maria J. Harrison, 2 Detlef Weigel 1parallel

FLOWERING LOCUS T (FT), which acts in parallel with the meristem-identity gene LEAFY (LFY) to induce flowering of Arabidopsis, was isolated by activation tagging. Like LFY, FT acts partially downstream of CONSTANS (CO), which promotes flowering in response to long days. Unlike many other floral regulators, the deduced sequence of the FT protein does not suggest that it directly controls transcription or transcript processing. Instead, it is similar to the sequence of TERMINAL FLOWER 1 (TFL1), an inhibitor of flowering that also shares sequence similarity with membrane-associated mammalian proteins.

1 Plant Biology Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
2 The Samuel Roberts Noble Foundation, Plant Biology Division, 2510 Sam Noble Parkway, Ardmore, OK 73402, USA.
3 Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, 10010 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
*   These authors contributed equally to this work.

dagger    Present address: Plant Gene Expression Center, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA.

ddagger    Present address: Dow AgroSciences, LLC, 9330 Zionsville Road, Indianapolis, IN 46268, USA.

§   Present address: Akkadix Corporation, 11099 North Torrey Pines Road, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.

parallel    To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: weigel{at}salk.edu

Read the Full Text


THIS ARTICLE HAS BEEN CITED BY OTHER ARTICLES:
A molecular genetic perspective of reproductive development in grapevine.
M. J. Carmona, J. Chaib, J. M. Martinez-Zapater, and M. R. Thomas (2008)
J. Exp. Bot. 59, 2579-2596
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Multiple Models for Rosaceae Genomics.
V. Shulaev, S. S. Korban, B. Sosinski, A. G. Abbott, H. S. Aldwinckle, K. M. Folta, A. Iezzoni, D. Main, P. Arus, A. M. Dandekar, et al. (2008)
Plant Physiology 147, 985-1003
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Functional Redundancy and New Roles for Genes of the Autonomous Floral-Promotion Pathway.
K. M. Veley and S. D. Michaels (2008)
Plant Physiology 147, 682-695
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Nano Scale Proteomics Revealed the Presence of Regulatory Proteins Including Three FT-Like proteins in Phloem and Xylem Saps from Rice.
T. Aki, M. Shigyo, R. Nakano, T. Yoneyama, and S. Yanagisawa (2008)
Plant Cell Physiol. 49, 767-790
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Low-Temperature and Daylength Cues Are Integrated to Regulate FLOWERING LOCUS T in Barley.
M. N. Hemming, W. J. Peacock, E. S. Dennis, and B. Trevaskis (2008)
Plant Physiology 147, 355-366
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
FLC or not FLC: the other side of vernalization.
C. M. Alexandre and L. Hennig (2008)
J. Exp. Bot.
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The FLOWERING LOCUS T/TERMINAL FLOWER 1 Family in Lombardy Poplar.
T. Igasaki, Y. Watanabe, M. Nishiguchi, and N. Kotoda (2008)
Plant Cell Physiol. 49, 291-300
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Identification of Dynamin as an Interactor of Rice GIGANTEA by Tandem Affinity Purification (TAP).
M. Abe, M. Fujiwara, K.-i. Kurotani, S. Yokoi, and K. Shimamoto (2008)
Plant Cell Physiol. 49, 420-432
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Hd3a and RFT1 are essential for flowering in rice.
R. Komiya, A. Ikegami, S. Tamaki, S. Yokoi, and K. Shimamoto (2008)
Development 135, 767-774
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
EMBRYONIC FLOWER1 Participates in Polycomb Group-Mediated AG Gene Silencing in Arabidopsis.
M. Calonje, R. Sanchez, L. Chen, and Z. R. Sung (2008)
PLANT CELL 20, 277-291
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
COP1-Mediated Ubiquitination of CONSTANS Is Implicated in Cryptochrome Regulation of Flowering in Arabidopsis.
L.-J. Liu, Y.-C. Zhang, Q.-H. Li, Y. Sang, J. Mao, H.-L. Lian, L. Wang, and H.-Q. Yang (2008)
PLANT CELL 20, 292-306
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
CENL1 Expression in the Rib Meristem Affects Stem Elongation and the Transition to Dormancy in Populus.
R. Ruonala, P. L.H. Rinne, J. Kangasjarvi, and C. van der Schoot (2008)
PLANT CELL 20, 59-74
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Genomic and Expression Compendium of the Expanded PEBP Gene Family from Maize.
O. N. Danilevskaya, X. Meng, Z. Hou, E. V. Ananiev, and C. R. Simmons (2008)
Plant Physiology 146, 250-264
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Versatile Transposon-Based Activation Tag Vector System for Functional Genomics in Cereals and Other Monocot Plants.
S. Qu, A. Desai, R. Wing, and V. Sundaresan (2008)
Plant Physiology 146, 189-199
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
OsMADS51 Is a Short-Day Flowering Promoter That Functions Upstream of Ehd1, OsMADS14, and Hd3a.
S. L. Kim, S. Lee, H. J. Kim, H. G. Nam, and G. An (2007)
Plant Physiology 145, 1484-1494
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Move on up, it's time for change mobile signals controlling photoperiod-dependent flowering.
Y. Kobayashi and D. Weigel (2007)
Genes & Dev. 21, 2371-2384
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Circadian Rhythm Set by Dusk Determines the Expression of FT Homologs and the Short-Day Photoperiodic Flowering Response in Pharbitis.
R. Hayama, B. Agashe, E. Luley, R. King, and G. Coupland (2007)
PLANT CELL 19, 2988-3000
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Floral Initiation and Inflorescence Architecture: A Comparative View.
R. Benlloch, A. Berbel, A. Serrano-Mislata, and F. Madueno (2007)
Ann. Bot. 100, 659-676
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Adaptation of flowering-time by natural and artificial selection in Arabidopsis and rice.
T. Izawa (2007)
J. Exp. Bot. 58, 3091-3097
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Attenuation of brassinosteroid signaling enhances FLC expression and delays flowering.
M. A. Domagalska, F. M. Schomburg, R. M. Amasino, R. D. Vierstra, F. Nagy, and S. J. Davis (2007)
Development 134, 2841-2850
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Arabidopsis Clock-Associated Pseudo-Response Regulators PRR9, PRR7 and PRR5 Coordinately and Positively Regulate Flowering Time Through the Canonical CONSTANS-Dependent Photoperiodic Pathway.
N. Nakamichi, M. Kita, K. Niinuma, S. Ito, T. Yamashino, T. Mizoguchi, and T. Mizuno (2007)
Plant Cell Physiol. 48, 822-832
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
FT Protein Movement Contributes to Long-Distance Signaling in Floral Induction of Arabidopsis.
L. Corbesier, C. Vincent, S. Jang, F. Fornara, Q. Fan, I. Searle, A. Giakountis, S. Farrona, L. Gissot, C. Turnbull, et al. (2007)
Science 316, 1030-1033
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Hd3a Protein Is a Mobile Flowering Signal in Rice.
S. Tamaki, S. Matsuo, H. L. Wong, S. Yokoi, and K. Shimamoto (2007)
Science 316, 1033-1036
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The FLOWERING LOCUS T-Like Gene Family in Barley (Hordeum vulgare).
S. Faure, J. Higgins, A. Turner, and D. A. Laurie (2007)
Genetics 176, 599-609
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
FLOWERING LOCUS T Protein May Act as the Long-Distance Florigenic Signal in the Cucurbits.
M.-K. Lin, H. Belanger, Y.-J. Lee, E. Varkonyi-Gasic, K.-I. Taoka, E. Miura, B. Xoconostle-Cazares, K. Gendler, R. A. Jorgensen, B. Phinney, et al. (2007)
PLANT CELL 19, 1488-1506
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Norway Spruce FLOWERING LOCUS T Homolog Is Implicated in Control of Growth Rhythm in Conifers.
N. Gyllenstrand, D. Clapham, T. Kallman, and U. Lagercrantz (2007)
Plant Physiology 144, 248-257
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Flowering and determinacy in Arabidopsis.
R. Sablowski (2007)
J. Exp. Bot. 58, 899-907
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
TERMINAL FLOWER1 Is a Mobile Signal Controlling Arabidopsis Architecture.
L. Conti and D. Bradley (2007)
PLANT CELL 19, 767-778
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Role of SVP in the control of flowering time by ambient temperature in Arabidopsis.
J. H. Lee, S. J. Yoo, S. H. Park, I. Hwang, J. S. Lee, and J. H. Ahn (2007)
Genes & Dev. 21, 397-402
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Overexpression of an auxilin-like gene (F9E10.5) can suppress Al uptake in roots of Arabidopsis.
B. Ezaki, H. Kiyohara, H. Matsumoto, and S. Nakashima (2007)
J. Exp. Bot. 58, 497-506
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Molecular Basis of Late-Flowering Phenotype Caused by Dominant Epi-Alleles of the FWA Locus in Arabidopsis.
Y. Ikeda, Y. Kobayashi, A. Yamaguchi, M. Abe, and T. Araki (2007)
Plant Cell Physiol. 48, 205-220
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
CRYPTOCHROME2 in Vascular Bundles Regulates Flowering in Arabidopsis.
M. Endo, N. Mochizuki, T. Suzuki, and A. Nagatani (2007)
PLANT CELL 19, 84-93
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
GIGANTEA Acts in Blue Light Signaling and Has Biochemically Separable Roles in Circadian Clock and Flowering Time Regulation.
E. L. Martin-Tryon, J. A. Kreps, and S. L. Harmer (2007)
Plant Physiology 143, 473-486
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
From the Cover: The wheat and barley vernalization gene VRN3 is an orthologue of FT.
L. Yan, D. Fu, C. Li, A. Blechl, G. Tranquilli, M. Bonafede, A. Sanchez, M. Valarik, S. Yasuda, and J. Dubcovsky (2006)
PNAS 103, 19581-19586
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Variation in the epigenetic silencing of FLC contributes to natural variation in Arabidopsis vernalization response..
C. Shindo, C. Lister, P. Crevillen, M. Nordborg, and C. Dean (2006)
Genes & Dev. 20, 3079-3083
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
CONSTANS and the CCAAT Box Binding Complex Share a Functionally Important Domain and Interact to Regulate Flowering of Arabidopsis.
S. Wenkel, F. Turck, K. Singer, L. Gissot, J. Le Gourrierec, A. Samach, and G. Coupland (2006)
PLANT CELL 18, 2971-2984
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Light signals and flowering.
B. Thomas (2006)
J. Exp. Bot. 57, 3387-3393
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The control of flowering in time and space.
K. E. Jaeger, A. Graf, and P. A. Wigge (2006)
J. Exp. Bot. 57, 3415-3418
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The quest for florigen: a review of recent progress.
L. Corbesier and G. Coupland (2006)
J. Exp. Bot. 57, 3395-3403
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Whole-Plant Growth Stage Ontology for Angiosperms and Its Application in Plant Biology.
A. Pujar, P. Jaiswal, E. A. Kellogg, K. Ilic, L. Vincent, S. Avraham, P. Stevens, F. Zapata, L. Reiser, S. Y. Rhee, et al. (2006)
Plant Physiology 142, 414-428
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Arabidopsis SPA proteins regulate photoperiodic flowering and interact with the floral inducer CONSTANS to regulate its stability.
S. Laubinger, V. Marchal, J. Gentilhomme, S. Wenkel, J. Adrian, S. Jang, C. Kulajta, H. Braun, G. Coupland, and U. Hoecker (2006)
Development 133, 3213-3222
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Poplar FT2 Shortens the Juvenile Phase and Promotes Seasonal Flowering.
C.-Y. Hsu, Y. Liu, D. S. Luthe, and C. Yuceer (2006)
PLANT CELL 18, 1846-1861
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
NUBBIN and JAGGED define stamen and carpel shape in Arabidopsis.
J. R. Dinneny, D. Weigel, and M. F. Yanofsky (2006)
Development 133, 1645-1655
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Regulation of flowering time by Arabidopsis MSI1.
R. Bouveret, N. Schonrock, W. Gruissem, and L. Hennig (2006)
Development 133, 1693-1702
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Highly Specific Gene Silencing by Artificial MicroRNAs in Arabidopsis.
R. Schwab, S. Ossowski, M. Riester, N. Warthmann, and D. Weigel (2006)
PLANT CELL 18, 1121-1133
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The tomato FT ortholog triggers systemic signals that regulate growth and flowering and substitute for diverse environmental stimuli.
E. Lifschitz, T. Eviatar, A. Rozman, A. Shalit, A. Goldshmidt, Z. Amsellem, J. P. Alvarez, and Y. Eshed (2006)
PNAS 103, 6398-6403
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Substitution Mapping of dth1.1, a Flowering-Time Quantitative Trait Locus (QTL) Associated With Transgressive Variation in Rice, Reveals Multiple Sub-QTL.
M. J. Thomson, J. D. Edwards, E. M. Septiningsih, S. E. Harrington, and S. R. McCouch (2006)
Genetics 172, 2501-2514
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
FRIGIDA-ESSENTIAL 1 interacts genetically with FRIGIDA and FRIGIDA-LIKE 1 to promote the winter-annual habit of Arabidopsis thaliana.
R. J. Schmitz, L. Hong, S. Michaels, and R. M. Amasino (2005)
Development 132, 5471-5478
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Suppression of the Floral Activator Hd3a Is the Principal Cause of the Night Break Effect in Rice.
R. Ishikawa, S. Tamaki, S. Yokoi, N. Inagaki, T. Shinomura, M. Takano, and K. Shimamoto (2005)
PLANT CELL 17, 3326-3336
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
High Throughput Identification of Potential Arabidopsis Mitogen-activated Protein Kinases Substrates.
T. Feilner, C. Hultschig, J. Lee, S. Meyer, R. G. H. Immink, A. Koenig, A. Possling, H. Seitz, A. Beveridge, D. Scheel, et al. (2005)
Mol. Cell. Proteomics 4, 1558-1568
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Flowering Integrator FT Regulates SEPALLATA3 and FRUITFULL Accumulation in Arabidopsis Leaves.
P. Teper-Bamnolker and A. Samach (2005)
PLANT CELL 17, 2661-2675
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
CONSTANS Activates SUPPRESSOR OF OVEREXPRESSION OF CONSTANS 1 through FLOWERING LOCUS T to Promote Flowering in Arabidopsis.
S. K. Yoo, K. S. Chung, J. Kim, J. H. Lee, S. M. Hong, S. J. Yoo, S. Y. Yoo, J. S. Lee, and J. H. Ahn (2005)
Plant Physiology 139, 770-778
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
FD, a bZIP Protein Mediating Signals from the Floral Pathway Integrator FT at the Shoot Apex.
M. Abe, Y. Kobayashi, S. Yamamoto, Y. Daimon, A. Yamaguchi, Y. Ikeda, H. Ichinoki, M. Notaguchi, K. Goto, and T. Araki (2005)
Science 309, 1052-1056
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Integration of Spatial and Temporal Information During Floral Induction in Arabidopsis.
P. A. Wigge, M. C. Kim, K. E. Jaeger, W. Busch, M. Schmid, J. U. Lohmann, and D. Weigel (2005)
Science 309, 1056-1059
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Distinct Roles of GIGANTEA in Promoting Flowering and Regulating Circadian Rhythms in Arabidopsis.
T. Mizoguchi, L. Wright, S. Fujiwara, F. Cremer, K. Lee, H. Onouchi, A. Mouradov, S. Fowler, H. Kamada, J. Putterill, et al. (2005)
PLANT CELL 17, 2255-2270
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
TWIN SISTER OF FT (TSF) Acts as a Floral Pathway Integrator Redundantly with FT.
A. Yamaguchi, Y. Kobayashi, K. Goto, M. Abe, and T. Araki (2005)
Plant Cell Physiol. 46, 1175-1189
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Phytochrome B in the Mesophyll Delays Flowering by Suppressing FLOWERING LOCUS T Expression in Arabidopsis Vascular Bundles.
M. Endo, S. Nakamura, T. Araki, N. Mochizuki, and A. Nagatani (2005)
PLANT CELL 17, 1941-1952
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A single amino acid converts a repressor to an activator of flowering.
Y. Hanzawa, T. Money, and D. Bradley (2005)
PNAS 102, 7748-7753
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Conservation of Arabidopsis Flowering Genes in Model Legumes.
V. Hecht, F. Foucher, C. Ferrandiz, R. Macknight, C. Navarro, J. Morin, M. E. Vardy, N. Ellis, J. P. Beltran, C. Rameau, et al. (2005)
Plant Physiology 137, 1420-1434
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Photoperiod Regulates Flower Meristem Development in Arabidopsis thaliana.
S. Jeong and S. E. Clark (2005)
Genetics 169, 907-915
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Detection of Chromosomal Rearrangements Derived From Homeologous Recombination in Four Mapping Populations of Brassica napus L..
J. A. Udall, P. A. Quijada, and T. C. Osborn (2005)
Genetics 169, 967-979
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Analysis of Flowering Pathway Integrators in Arabidopsis.
J. Moon, H. Lee, M. Kim, and I. Lee (2005)
Plant Cell Physiol. 46, 292-299
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Molecular Genetics Using T-DNA in Rice.
G. An, S. Lee, S.-H. Kim, and S.-R. Kim (2005)
Plant Cell Physiol. 46, 14-22
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Integration of Flowering Signals in Winter-Annual Arabidopsis.
S. D. Michaels, E. Himelblau, S. Y. Kim, F. M. Schomburg, and R. M. Amasino (2005)
Plant Physiology 137, 149-156
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Gene Regulatory Network Model for Cell-Fate Determination during Arabidopsis thaliana Flower Development That Is Robust and Recovers Experimental Gene Expression Profiles.
C. Espinosa-Soto, P. Padilla-Longoria, and E. R. Alvarez-Buylla (2004)
PLANT CELL 16, 2923-2939
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Stress-induced Tfs1p Requires NatB-mediated Acetylation to Inhibit Carboxypeptidase Y and to Regulate the Protein Kinase A Pathway.
R. Caesar and A. Blomberg (2004)
J. Biol. Chem. 279, 38532-38543
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Regulation of flowering time in Arabidopsis by K homology domain proteins.
T. C. Mockler, X. Yu, D. Shalitin, D. Parikh, T. P. Michael, J. Liou, J. Huang, Z. Smith, J. M. Alonso, J. R. Ecker, et al. (2004)
PNAS 101, 12759-12764
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Control of Arabidopsis flowering: the chill before the bloom.
I. R. Henderson and C. Dean (2004)
Development 131, 3829-3838
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
CONSTANS acts in the phloem to regulate a systemic signal that induces photoperiodic flowering of Arabidopsis.
H. An, C. Roussot, P. Suarez-Lopez, L. Corbesier, C. Vincent, M. Pineiro, S. Hepworth, A. Mouradov, S. Justin, C. Turnbull, et al. (2004)
Development 131, 3615-3626
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Graft Transmission of a Floral Stimulant Derived from CONSTANS.
B. G. Ayre and R. Turgeon (2004)
Plant Physiology 135, 2271-2278
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
SPINDLY and GIGANTEA Interact and Act in Arabidopsis thaliana Pathways Involved in Light Responses, Flowering, and Rhythms in Cotyledon Movements.
T.-S. Tseng, P. A. Salome, C. R. McClung, and N. E. Olszewski (2004)
PLANT CELL 16, 1550-1563
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Molecular and Genetic Mechanisms of Floral Control.
T. Jack (2004)
PLANT CELL 16, S1-S17
   Full Text »    PDF »
Multiple Pathways in the Decision to Flower: Enabling, Promoting, and Resetting.
P. K. Boss, R. M. Bastow, J. S. Mylne, and C. Dean (2004)
PLANT CELL 16, S18-S31
   Full Text »    PDF »
Flowering of Arabidopsis cop1 Mutants in Darkness.
M. Nakagawa and Y. Komeda (2004)
Plant Cell Physiol. 45, 398-406
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Ehd1, a B-type response regulator in rice, confers short-day promotion of flowering and controls FT-like gene expression independently of Hd1.
K. Doi, T. Izawa, T. Fuse, U. Yamanouchi, T. Kubo, Z. Shimatani, M. Yano, and A. Yoshimura (2004)
Genes & Dev. 18, 926-936
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Gene and Enhancer Trap Tagging of Vascular-Expressed Genes in Poplar Trees.
A. Groover, J. R. Fontana, G. Dupper, C. Ma, R. Martienssen, S. Strauss, and R. Meilan (2004)
Plant Physiology 134, 1742-1751
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The role of JAGGED in shaping lateral organs.
J. R. Dinneny, R. Yadegari, R. L. Fischer, M. F. Yanofsky, and D. Weigel (2004)
Development 131, 1101-1110
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Photoreceptor Regulation of CONSTANS Protein in Photoperiodic Flowering.
F. Valverde, A. Mouradov, W. Soppe, D. Ravenscroft, A. Samach, and G. Coupland (2004)
Science 303, 1003-1006
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Light signals, phytochromes and cross-talk with other environmental cues.
K. A. Franklin and G. C. Whitelam (2004)
J. Exp. Bot. 55, 271-276
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Dissection of floral induction pathways using global expression analysis.
M. Schmid, N. H. Uhlenhaut, F. Godard, M. Demar, R. Bressan, D. Weigel, and J. U. Lohmann (2003)
Development 130, 6001-6012
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
TERMINAL FLOWER2, an Arabidopsis Homolog of HETEROCHROMATIN PROTEIN1, Counteracts the Activation of FLOWERING LOCUS T by CONSTANS in the Vascular Tissues of Leaves to Regulate Flowering Time.
S. Takada and K. Goto (2003)
PLANT CELL 15, 2856-2865
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The Role of Cryptochrome 2 in Flowering in Arabidopsis.
S. El-Din El-Assal, C. Alonso-Blanco, A. J.M. Peeters, C. Wagemaker, J. L. Weller, and M. Koornneef (2003)
Plant Physiology 133, 1504-1516
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
DETERMINATE and LATE FLOWERING Are Two TERMINAL FLOWER1/CENTRORADIALIS Homologs That Control Two Distinct Phases of Flowering Initiation and Development in Pea.
F. Foucher, J. Morin, J. Courtiade, S. Cadioux, N. Ellis, M. J. Banfield, and C. Rameau (2003)
PLANT CELL 15, 2742-2754
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Two Lily SEPALLATA-Like Genes Cause Different Effects on Floral Formation and Floral Transition in Arabidopsis.
T.-Y. Tzeng, C.-C. Hsiao, P.-J. Chi, and C.-H. Yang (2003)
Plant Physiology 133, 1091-1101
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Ectopic Expression of an Orchid (Oncidium Gower Ramsey) AGL6-like Gene Promotes Flowering by Activating Flowering Time Genes in Arabidopsis thaliana.
H.-F. Hsu, C.-H. Huang, L.-T. Chou, an