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Science 17 September 1999:
Vol. 285. no. 5435, pp. 1883 - 1885
DOI: 10.1126/science.285.5435.1883
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Reports

Instability of Magma Flow from Volatile-Dependent Viscosity

Jonathan J. Wylie, 1 Barry Voight, 23 J. A. Whitehead 1

Volatiles dissolved in silicic magma at depth exsolve as the magma nears the surface and cause an increase in viscosity of the magma. A model of a volcanic conduit within an elastic medium and a viscosity dependent on the volatile content of the magma produces oscillatory magma flow for a critical range of steady input flow rates. Oscillatory flow is recognized as a fundamental mode of behavior at silicic volcanoes, and understanding it allows improved short-term forecasting of timing and eruption style.

1 Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 360 Woods Hole Road, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA.
2 Department of Geoscience, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
3 U.S. Geological Survey Volcano Hazards Program, Cascades Volcano Observatory, Vancouver, WA 98661, USA.

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Science. ISSN 0036-8075 (print), 1095-9203 (online)