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Science 9 July 1999:
Vol. 285. no. 5425, pp. 221 - 227
DOI: 10.1126/science.285.5425.221
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Research Articles

The Immunological Synapse: A Molecular Machine Controlling T Cell Activation

Arash Grakoui, 1 Shannon K. Bromley, 1 Cenk Sumen, 2 Mark M. Davis, 2 Andrey S. Shaw, 1 Paul M. Allen, 1 Michael L. Dustin 1*

The specialized junction between a T lymphocyte and an antigen-presenting cell, the immunological synapse, consists of a central cluster of T cell receptors surrounded by a ring of adhesion molecules. Immunological synapse formation is now shown to be an active and dynamic mechanism that allows T cells to distinguish potential antigenic ligands. Initially, T cell receptor ligands were engaged in an outermost ring of the nascent synapse. Transport of these complexes into the central cluster was dependent on T cell receptor-ligand interaction kinetics. Finally, formation of a stable central cluster at the heart of the synapse was a determinative event for T cell proliferation.

1 Center for Immunology and the Department of Pathology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
2 Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA 94305, USA.
*   To whom correspondence should be addressed at the Department of Pathology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Avenue, Campus Box 8118, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. E-mail: dustin{at}immunology.wustl.edu

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CD2 and TCR synergize for the activation of phospholipase C{gamma}1/calcium pathway at the immunological synapse.
N. Espagnolle, D. Depoil, R. Zaru, C. Demeur, E. Champagne, M. Guiraud, and S. Valitutti (2007)
Int. Immunol. 19, 239-248
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Efficient Activation of V{alpha}14 Invariant NKT Cells by Foreign Lipid Antigen Is Associated with Concurrent Dendritic Cell-Specific Self Recognition.
L. Cheng, A. Ueno, S. Cho, J. S. Im, S. Golby, S. Hou, S. A. Porcelli, and Y. Yang (2007)
J. Immunol. 178, 2755-2762
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Impact of Salt Bridges on the Equilibrium Binding and Adhesion of Human CD2 and CD58.
M. V. Bayas, A. Kearney, A. Avramovic, P. A. van der Merwe, and D. E. Leckband (2007)
J. Biol. Chem. 282, 5589-5596
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
A Novel Postpriming Regulatory Check Point of Effector/Memory T Cells Dictated through Antigen Density Threshold-Dependent Anergy.
K. Oved, O. Ziv, J. Jacob-Hirsch, R. Noy, H. Novak, O. Makler, D. Galit, S. Keren, D. Segal, C. Gefen-Dor, et al. (2007)
J. Immunol. 178, 2307-2317
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Modulation of Lipid Rafts by {Omega}-3 Fatty Acids in Inflammation and Cancer: Implications for Use of Lipids During Nutrition Support.
R. A. Siddiqui, K. A. Harvey, G. P. Zaloga, and W. Stillwell (2007)
Nutr Clin Pract 22, 74-88
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
Inefficient Human Immunodeficiency Virus Replication in Mobile Lymphocytes.
M. Sourisseau, N. Sol-Foulon, F. Porrot, F. Blanchet, and O. Schwartz (2007)
J. Virol. 81, 1000-1012
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »
The actin cloud induced by LFA-1-mediated outside-in signals lowers the threshold for T-cell activation.
J.-i. Suzuki, S. Yamasaki, J. Wu, G. A. Koretzky, and T. Saito (2007)
Blood 109, 168-175
   Abstract »    Full Text »    PDF »


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